Wednesday, April 26, 2006

Fending Off a Hostile Takeover at the Banya

Fending Off a Hostile Takeover at the Banya

Amusing and enlightening article by Bryon MacWilliams at The Moscow Times, regarding an attempted banya putsch. The story is remarkable for how very Russian it is ...
The message dropped into my inbox with a virtual kerplunk. "Banya Crisis," it said. It had been sent by a friend, an American lawyer who negotiates multibillion-dollar oil deals. He is not prone to hysterics.

I paused. I have been living in Russia since 1996. I have lasted this long, in no small part, because of the banya. The Russian bath is my survival ritual. It keeps me healthy, keeps me energized in a city that takes more than it gives. This, for me, was grave news.

Had the new director of the banya been murdered like his predecessor? Had mercenaries in black masks and fatigues stormed the premises, as before, in a bid to settle issues of partnership? Had a wall of the oven crumbled, spilling the 20 tons of pig iron onto the floor of the steam room?

I straightened my spine and double-clicked.

"We had a banya crisis today. Three asshole thugs came in and took over control of the parelka away from Grisha. All the regulars were appalled but these guys were very aggressive. They ended up agreeoing that we would take turns between Grisha and them but it was still not the same. We better hope these guys do mnot come back. They yelled at us for talking in the parelka and for sitting on the stairs."

Three misspellings. Errors of punctuation, grammar. My friend is no dummy. Clearly, he was shaken.

I hadn't gone to the banya that day because I was away, traveling. I was sitting before a computer in an Internet cafe, learning how my life in Russia had changed while I was gone.

My friends and I have been steaming in these baths in central Moscow since the late 1990s. We've tried, we think, every other public banya in the city. Every single one. And while just about everything connected to the banya is subject to argument, this is not: For two hours on Sunday mornings, we luxuriate in the best steam in the city.

It's not just us, a handful of Americans and Russians, and the occasional Italian, Brit and Finn. Others, a good two-dozen Muscovites, already know what we know. They, too, go to see the wizard.

Grisha is a regular guy, but, for us, he's also something of a guru. He is in his mid-40s, with close-cropped brown hair and a moustache. He walks with flat feet, and a flapping mouth. He is what Russians call obshchitelny, or sociable -- but that is an understatement.

Each Sunday he arrives at the banya at about 9:40 a.m. We arrive about 10 minutes later. By 9:55 a.m. he has aired out the steam room and begun to make new steam.

I am part of a small ritual. I give him an open bottle of Zhigulyovskoye beer. He chides me for paying 12 rubles and 50 kopeks when, where he lives, it can be found for 11 rubles. Then he removes his tan felt hat, pours some of the beer onto his scalp, massages it into the skin, and empties the rest of the bottle into the hot water that he will hurl into the oven.

His steam is not extraordinary because he adds beer, or mustard or sage. It's not remarkable because he pushes waves of steam over our bodies with a lollipop-shaped wand upon which he splatters scented oils, combinations of herbs or citrus.

It's true that Grisha knows the oven, he knows the steam room. And that's important. But his steam is special because of his ability to strike just the right balance of heat and moisture. This ability falls outside the realm of habit, or science. He is guided by intuition, something I would liken to divine intervention.

His is the kind of steam that makes this night owl get out of bed early on a Sunday -- even when it is dark and frigid outdoors and, indoors, a warm, curvaceous body is bowed against mine.

So it was with an uneasy sense of powerlessness -- in the very Russian understanding of the ways of fate -- that I received the urgent e-mail from Moscow.

I felt as if I were about to lose one of the last things I had left. Friends and lovers have come and gone over my years in Moscow, but the banya has been one of the constants. I could not just pick up and go somewhere else -- I already had been everywhere else.

The following Sunday, after I returned to Moscow, I looked for a Mercedes SUV -- the thugs' set of wheels -- as I approached the baths on foot. There it was, parked on the sidewalk, hampering passersby.

Inside, Grisha started with beer. It was an intense steam, so hot that I crept to the upper level and promptly squatted on my haunches. I cooled off in the pool, drank some mineral water. Then my buddies and I gathered up all our veniki -- tightly gathered switches of birch, oak and, in this case, juniper -- and returned to the parilka to beat ourselves, to finish the cycle of steaming. Only someone already had begun to make new steam.

It was them. Indeed they were three. But they didn't look like thugs. One looked a lot like the Pillsbury Doughboy, only with something akin to a snarl in lieu of a smile. He was in charge of the steam, but he wasn't in charge. His boss was a younger man, very tall, who wore a goofy felt hat that sat askew on his head. He was soft, but not fat.

The Doughboy's steam was good, but not exceptional. It was heavy on mustard. In fact, his steam later would be so heavy on mustard that our eyes and nostrils burned. Grisha, for the first time, began to show his aggravation.

"Smoke is hanging in the air," he said, loudly, to no one in particular.

Smoke? In the parilka? Amateurs! We took Grisha's words as a call to arms.

Could it be that we were the only ones who minded this inelegant steam, who objected to Doughboy fanning his boss with the wand and no one else?

Like good Republicans in the United States, the thugs were asserting minority interests in the face of a passive majority. And they were succeeding. It seemed that everyone was willing to submit. But we decided to intervene.

A good friend of mine, an American who moved here in 1994, told Doughboy that we come because of the artistry of Grisha. I got more specific: Doughboy's steam, I told him, was too moist and too heavy on mustard.

But we were ill-qualified to resolve the situation. We speak Russian well, but it wasn't about language. It was all in the approach. We were too polite. We, like good Americans, smiled too much. That is only an invitation, as is said here, to sit on someone's neck.

Ultimately it would require an approach, a cure, indigenous to Moscow. Boorishness.

"You're outsiders!" it began. A short, pudgy, hairy man who rarely comes was shouting the words as he soaped up in the shower. He stood alone, encircled by the thugs. Doughboy, too, was yelling.

To be honest? I didn't understand all they said. But the following Sunday, the Mercedes SUV was not parked on the sidewalk when I arrived. It did not show up the next week, or the next.

Things returned to the way they were. The only change, all but invisible, came from the realization that the ritual upon which we depend -- a ritual, we thought, that was ours as much as anyone's -- did not, in fact, depend on us. We're outsiders, too.

Chernobyl, 20 years on

Russia Herald

I don't usually quote Russia Herald, as they typically just broker news articles from other resources. However their article today by Anya Ardayeva and Lisa McAdams regarding the Chernobyl Nuclear Plant disaster is rather well done, detailing not just the accident 20 years ago today, but the problems for the future with the reactor.
The destroyed reactor is still extremely radioactive, covered by the so-called sarcophagus, built to protect the environment from radiation, but it was only designed to last 15 years and now scientists and environmentalist say it is falling apart.

Twenty years on, radiation levels are still extreme, says Yulia Marusich, Chernobyl's information officer. She says the sarcophagus does not completely seal off the radiation and it is not structurally sound. 'The existing shelter is not stable, it is not reliable. It [sarcophagus] was constructed remotely. On one hand, it reduced the personnel exposure. On the other hand, it didn't provide the accuracy of a shelter structures installation.'

Outside experts confirm the sarcophagus is falling apart and could collapse.

Francis O'Donnell, head of the United Nations Development Program in Ukraine, says there is also a problem with what's inside. 'They still haven't figured the way to deal with 180 tons of nuclear fuel-containing mass which is at the core of the reactor, there's no nuclear waste disposal strategy, and 20 years on we can do better than this.'

The sarcophagus, and the tons of nuclear fuel inside of it, are not the only problem.

There are three other reactors, which were put back on line shortly after the sarcophagus was built. The reactor was not turned off until 2000 and only following international pressure.

And Chernobyl has not been decommissioned completely: Ukraine does not have the facilities for the long-term storage of the plants' nuclear fuel.

Oleg Ryazanov is an engineer at the Chernobyl Plants reactor Number One, who monitors the condition of the disabled reactor. He says money is the real issue. 'We have the technology, the people, the knowledge, the desire but we don't have the money.

If the sarcophagus covering the Fourth Reactor collapses, another explosion, though less powerful, is likely to occur. To prevent that, some 28 countries pledged to chip in more than $800 million for the construction of a new steel coffin.

The project is scheduled to be finished by the year 2010.

But even with the new shelter in place, it is estimated it will take from 30 to 100 years to safely get rid of the fuel and debris inside the plant.
The article also details the cleanup operation, those that died to contain the accident, and the lives of those people remain within the Exclusion Zone.

Cesium 137 Distribution Resulting from Chernobyl Accident
Eighty two-year-old Mikhailo Radkevich was evacuated from his village a week after the accident and moved into a new home a few months later. But he didn't like the new house and decided to go back.

'If I was 20, I would have probably gone away from here. But I am 81, where can I go? Where? I have two sons and a daughter in Kiev, and they are asking me to come live with them, but I don't want to. My home is here,' says Mikhailo.

He and his wife eat home-grown vegetables and meat and seem to worry little about radioactive contamination.

'When the explosion happened, everyone started talking about radiation. But it was here before. The wind blew it all to Belarus. Here, its clean,' he says.

More 20 years after Chernobyl Headlines:
USA Today: Chernobyl Issues Live on After 20 Years
NY Times: First at Chernobyl, Burning Still
BBC: Ukraine remembers Chernobyl blast
Financial Times: Ukraine remembers Chernobyl nuclear disaster
The Nation: Remembering Chernobyl
Reuters: Mourners, candles mark Chernobyl anniversary
Boston Globe: Years later, Chernobyl exacts toll
Guardian Unlimited: Hell on Earth
Spiegel Online: Chernobyl Remembered "My Friends Were Dying under my Eyes"
Mainichi Daily News: Ukrainians recall Chernobyl tragedy on mournful anniversary
Turkish Daily News: Chernobyl plant then and now
Khaleej Times: Ukraine marks 20-year anniversary of Chernobyl accident
Euronews Net: Testing of reactor triggged nuclear catastrophe
The Independent: The big question
BBC: In pictures: Chernobyl remembered
Times Online: Stalled: The Chernobyl Rescue Ark

Tuesday, April 25, 2006

Thoughts of Mortality Turn Pacifists into Killers

Thoughts of Mortality Turn Pacifists into Killers

As long as we are on the topic of death and violence, I thought this article was rather newsworthy and interesting.
Young adults in Iran tend to support martyrdom more when they are thinking about their own mortality.

Likewise, Americans are more in favor of extreme military intervention when they are contemplating their own deaths.

In a new study, 40 Iranian college students heard statements supporting and opposing suicide bombing attacks on U.S. targets. A portion of the test subjects who were also asked to ponder their own deaths were more likely to favor the bombings and consider joining such a cause.

"Thoughts of death led young people in the Middle East who ordinarily preferred a person who took a pacifist stance to switch their allegiance to a person who advocated suicide bombings," the study authors write this month in the journal Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. "These findings provide the first experimental evidence documenting the psychological determinants of the appeal of martyrdom."

A similar survey was done on 127 students at Rutgers University in New Jersey. They were asked whether they support extreme military actions such as the use of nuclear and chemical weapons and pre-emptive strikes against countries that might pose a threat to the United States.

Support for extreme measures increased among those Rutgers test subjects who were first asked to ponder their own deaths.

"Despite their differences, Americans and Iranians have something in common—thoughts of death increase the willingness of people from both nations to inflict harm on citizens of the other nation," the authors write. "The same psychological inclinations that make them want to kill us make us want to kill them—regardless of which specific group is referred to by the words 'us' and 'them.'"

The research was done by psychology professors Tom Pyszczynsk (sic - Pyszczynski) of the University of Colorado and Abdolhossein Abdollahi of the Islamic Azad University in Iran along with colleagues at Skidmore College and the University of Arizona.
If you are interested in more regarding this study, it can be found at the Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin here. It requires registration and payment for review of one article (pdf) is $2.50. The paper is entitled "Mortality Salience, Martyrdom, and Military Might: The Great Satan Versus the Axis of Evil".

14 Ethnic Hate Murders Committed in Russia in 4 Months

14 Ethnic Hate Murders Committed in Russia in 4 Months
Human rights activists are alarmed by the growth of nationalist hate crimes in Russia. Since the beginning of 2005, over 100 people have been attacked. 14 of them were killed and 92 injured, Interfax reported Tuesday.

“This year we have registered more than 100 attacks motivated by ethnic hatred,” the deputy head of Sova, a leading public opinion analysis centre, said.

“In these attacks, 92 people were injured and 14 killed,” Galina Kozhevnikova said.

Most nationalist crimes are committed in Moscow and St. Petersburg, she added.

“In Moscow alone nine people have been killed in attacks since the beginning of this year, and 35 have been beaten up. In St. Petersburg two people have died and 17 received injuries,” Kozhevnikova said

Before we Americans start riding our high-horse, we have the following statistics from Hate-Crime.net:
HATE CRIME STATISTICS - United States

The most recent available hate crimes statistics compiled by the FBI are for the year 2003 antagonism toward a particular race, religion, sexual orientation, ethnicity/national origin, or physical or mental disability prompted crimes against 9,100 victims during 2003. Hate Crime Statistics, 2003, published by the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program, includes data aggregated from hate crime reports submitted by local, state, tribal, and federal law enforcement agencies throughout the Nation. The report documents 7,489 bias-motivated incidents, which include 8,715 separate offenses.

It is important to note that reporting by law enforcement is voluntary and it is widely believed that hate crimes are seriously under-reported.

Law enforcement agencies reported 5,517 offenses as crimes against persons, which accounted for 63.3 percent of reported hate crimes in 2003. Investigators determined that 3,139 offenses, 36.0 percent of reported hate crimes, were crimes against property. Fifty-nine offenses (0.7 percent) were crimes against society”. Racial bias motivated more than half (52.5 percent) of the 8,706 single-bias hate crime offenses reported in 2003. Religious bias and sexual orientation bias each accounted for 16.4 percent of all reported single-bias hate crimes reported. Ethnicity/national origin bias prompted 14.2 percent of offenses, and disability bias spurred 0.5 percent of bias-motivated offenses”. For the 2003 report, law enforcement identified 9,100 victims of 8,715 criminal offenses within 7,489 separate incidents”.

While we don't have comprehensive statistics for Russia, and the US population is twice the size of the Russian Federation - it is clear that hate crimes are not a strictly Russian phenomenon. About the most marked thing you can say about what is occuring in Russia, is the murder rate related to hate crimes appears to have climbed sharply. It also stands in strong contrast to a society that, in general, is not as violent as the United States. That is not to say that Russian crime is non-violent - it is simply that US crime is phenomenally violent.

Monday, April 24, 2006

Spaceship Junkyard - Altai Region, Kazakhstan

Jonas Bendiksen / Magnum Photos - Slate Magazine

Slate magazine has a short photo essay about the "spaceship junkyard" of spent rockets and spaceship parts in the Altai Region of Kazakhstan. Locals mine the parts for valuable components or recycle them into farm equipment, when possible.






There are also concerns about the health effects of the rocket fuel used. Images of groups of dead cattle (yep, they aren't taking a nap together) send the message home that rocket fuel components are toxic and abundant enough to cause near immediate death (if the photos and causes for death are to be believed).

Vitaly Tretyakov: "Never Been Any Aggression Against the USA"

Vitaly Tretyakov: USA obtained state system thanks to Russia’s support

From Regnum, portions of a debate between Richard Perle and Vitaly Tretyakov at the Restoration of Post-conflict Societies discussion at The 5th Eurasian Media Forum in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan.


Richard Perle is a research fellow of the American Business Institute, former Chairman of Commission of US Defense Policy, and former US Assistant Secretary of Defense under Ronald Reagan. Vitaly Tretyakov is editor-in-chief of Moscow News and founded Nezavisimaya Gazeta in 1990 until dismissed in 2001. He also is the author of the book "How to Become a Famous Journalist". Apparently that involves having a rather distorted view of history.
Debating with Richard Perl, Moscow News newspaper Editor-in-Chief, Russian Vitaly Tretyakov mentioned that Americans, to whom, as a rule, organizers of various political panels let have the floor as first, evaluate behavior of other countries as they wish, in particular, speaking about development of Russia “in a wrong way,” even politically, not to mention mass media. “Being absolutely free, we – Russians have to react somehow. I am not going to justify before any audience development of the Russian press. I assure you, we have free press. As for state establishment, it is quite strange to hear from representative of the country, which is not even 300 years old, reproaches to the state with a 1000-year long history, i.e. to Russia, it develops wrongly,” stressed Vitaly Tretyakov.

According to the journalists, at its time, the USA received state independence with support of Russia. "I want to stress, that for last 500 years Russia has been absolutely independent state, it has not been obeying to anybody except for short time of occupation, which was successfully eliminated every time. Meanwhile, the USA took some part in occupation of Russia during WWI, but Russia has never participated in occupation of the USA. “In such way, I want to say, that the Russian state proved its historical stability,” stressed Vitaly Tretyakov.

Also, according to the journalist, having proved its internal prosperity, the USA has not proved its external stability, because there have never been any aggression against the USA
Well ... where to begin. I certainly hope this isn't the history that they teach in Russia.

First, saying that Russia has a history of 1,000 years is a bit like saying the US has a history of 18,000 years because that is the first evidence of Native Americans in what became the USA. The current Russian Federation formed in 1991 and it certainly seems either irresponsible or deliberately misleading for Mr. Tretyakov to equate the Russian Federation with the history of organized Slavic/Rus' peoples.


As to this idea that the history of the US is "less than 300 years old" - my own ancestors settled in an area of what we now call Quincy, Massachusetts around 1643, meaning there have been Shedds in the English colonies that became the United States of America for 363 years. I suppose the Russian version of US history involves large numbers of English suddenly arriving in the New World sometime around 1775 and declaring themselves independent in 1776.

It is just as distorted a historical viewpoint as declaring the current Russian Federation as having a history of 1,000 years - Mongols and Monarchs and Bolsheviks were just a small distraction on the course to the Russian Federation. This reads like some sort of Third Reich propaganda of history, to be honest. Hitler was fond of speaking in terms of a thousand year history of German peoples also - from Holy Roman Empire to the Third Reich in an unbroken string. Next
Mr. Tretyakov will be suggesting that Vladimir Putin defeated Ghenghis Khan.

Lastly, the statement that the US has not proven it's internal stability, because there has never been aggression against the US - is a gross distortion of history. I am sure even Russians are taught in history class about
one or two attacks against the United States. Surely at least one is within recent memory.

Perhaps Mr. Tretyakov forgot about the
  • French and Indian Wars ...
  • War of 1812 ...
  • Mexican wars including the Alamo (1836) and leading up to the Mexican-American War (1846 - 1848) ...
  • US Civil War where the Confederate States were supported by France (among other European powers) ...
  • Spanish American War (Spain declared war upon the US) ....
  • Japanese attack upon Pearl Harbor and other bases at the start of World War II ... and
  • Various fundamentalist terrorist attacks upon US soil or US personnel leading up to ...
  • September 11, 2001.
This is the response to the suggestion that perhaps Russia is moving in the wrong direction and that state-owned Gazprom retaining ownership of nearly every major news outlet in Russia (including rumors of buying Kommersant earlier this year) might not be a good idea. That is quite a distorted world view in defense of actions which smack of old-school communist control of information.

Russia Shrinks

Russia Shrinks

The top topics in Western newspapers as regards Russia these days appear to be (in no particular order): Iran/Hamas deals, US-Russia headbutting, neo-fascist skinheads killing people who don't look like them, oil-gas thuggery with the EU, and ... dead Russians. In fact, that would be an excellent name for a punk rock band, The Dead Russians (perhaps I should trademark or register the domain name while I still have that chance). Writing on the topic of dead Russians this time is the Canadian Globe and Mail's Graeme Smith dramatic and at least somewhat numerically accurate report of the death rate in Russian, particularly among young men.

As Mr. Smith cites, if trends continue, Russia could lose as much as 1/3 of its population in the next half century. The important part of this is, of course ... IF trends continue. It should also be pointed out that even if this trend continues, Russia's population density will remain above such nations as say - Canada. So it isn't as if Russia will melt away. Also, Russia seems acutely aware of what is going on, but is unsure how to deal with the behavior. Much of the article focuses upon drug use and HIV/AIDS in Russia.
The problem is at least partly psychological, said Boris Tsvetkov, director of the AIDS treatment centre in Irkutsk. His patients know they're risking their lives when they inject drugs or have unprotected sex, he says, but sometimes they just don't care.

"To persuade a person to have the right behaviour, that person must be raised with a good understanding of how to live correctly," Mr. Tsvetkov said. "It's easier for the young people to break everything, including themselves. We broke our country for the last 10 years and now we're trying to put it back together."

From his spare office on the city's outskirts, in a compound that resembles a factory, Mr. Tsvetkov stands at the forefront of Russia's fight to stop the bleeding. The Irkutsk region has the highest drug-addiction rate in the country, and the highest AIDS infection rate.

Among the many problems driving down Russian life expectancy, the government appears to have chosen AIDS as one of its most urgent battles. The Kremlin plans to spend $126-million (Canadian) on AIDS programs this year -- a 30-fold increase from the previous year. The budget will grow again next year, to $324-million.

That makes Russia's program fairly small by international standards; Canada's federal AIDS strategy provides at least three times as much funding for each infected person. But observers say the new money shows that Russia takes the problem seriously, as the country's overall infection rate is believed to have climbed past the 1-per-cent threshold that separates low-level outbreaks from broad epidemics.

In Irkutsk alone, with a population of about 600,000, 18,000 people have tested positive for HIV, and the numbers are growing by roughly 1,000 a year.
This generation is free to make its own choices, but are they prepared to make good choices? After many decades of telling its citizens what to do and how to do it - very few young adults in Russia seem to have a good social model in the wake of communist collapse. And even with an improving economy, outside of Moscow and St. Petersburg, there are really very few career opportunities for young Russians. I personally know of university graduates in the Yaroslavl region who have been looking for work for 2 years and likely will end up collecting some minimum salary to work as teachers (excrutiatingly low-paid work in Russia). The export of economic growth throughout the country has yet to happen, even in areas within 200 to 300 kilometers of Russia. There is little incentive for Russians to adopt positive social behaviors (ie not drinking, drugs, and casual sex - but working and raising families).

Russia, of course, has a rather good prior model to follow for affecting change in social behavior - good in the sense that it worked, rather ruthlessly. Communism and internal policing affected human behavior to an unprecedented degree; it was social engineering at a scale never before attempted. In what is perhaps a sign of what the Russian government might turn towards in the future, as we have watching some of this happening in Russia right now - consider the recent return to state control of various aspects of the Russian economy.

All of this points Russia towards an answer contained perhaps within its history. We shouldn't be surprised if Russia turns to its recent past for answers as to how to affect positive social behaviors among its people. The former CCCP battled hooliganism, drinking, and to a lesser degree, drugs and casual sex in the past.
Ms. Burdanova was trying to persuade one of her HIV-positive patients, a 35-year-old carpenter with work-scarred hands, that his heavy drinking was sabotaging his drug regimen. He admitted a penchant for Russkii Razmer, a vodka whose brand name translates as "Russian-sized," saying he needed the drink to ease the daily pressures of life in a wooden cottage where the water taps work only when the pipes thaw in summertime.

"I still drink a little vodka," the man said.

"Every day?" Ms. Burdanova said.

"Yeah."

"After work?"

"Yeah. I drink to relax. Sometimes 200 grams, sometimes half a litre."

Ms. Burdanova paused, as if holding her tongue. She put down her pen and looked at him seriously.

"You really shouldn't," she said.

"But I can't live without drink," he said. "What else is there?"

By the way, for those who do not know (and I certainly did not), Hanka is made from "poppy straw" (Papaver somniferum L.) which is cultivated and grown in many countries in Europe and Asia, prinicipally for poppy seeds used in baking and poppy-seed oil. However, the straw does contain some of the same elements as poppies grown for heroin production, so it can be used as a sort of poor-man's heroin. You can read a bit more about this drug problem in Moldova here (which would also serve as a similar model for more rural regions of Russia). There is also a National Institute of Health article regarding drug-related spread of HIV/AIDS in Ukraine, which touches upon the problems generated by hanka use.

Sunday, April 23, 2006

Gazprom's Huff and Puff

Richard Wachman of The Guardian's Unlimited "Observer" wrote a brief opinion piece today that might summarize it best:
Gazprom huffs and puffs, but it's all hot air

Gazprom , Russia's state-controlled gas monopoly, has shot itself in the foot for the second time in three months. Its jaw-dropping ineptitude means it is now extremely doubtful that it will ever be able to acquire European energy companies such as Centrica, owner of British Gas.

First, we had the Ukrainian fiasco, when Gazprom, which supplies a quarter of Europe's energy needs, threatened to cut off supplies if the Ukrainians didn't agree to steep price increases - punitive action that would also have affected most of Europe. Then last week, chief executive Alexei Miller warned the European Union that if it thwarted Gazprom's international ambitions, it would divert supplies elsewhere: China, central Asia and the US.

Miller's latest broadside comes after it emerged that the British government considered amending merger rules to allow it to block a takeover of Centrica. After last week, UK ministers will surely be dusting down those plans.

Gazprom has only itself to blame: running around Europe and telling people to expect a smack over the head if they don't give it what it wants is hardly a way to win friends and influence people. And Gazprom's threats are silly from a different perspective. How will it pump gas into the Far East? There are precious few pipelines into the region. It will have to spend billions on new infrastructure that will take years to build.

For all Gazprom's huffing and puffing, it needs Europe as much as Europe needs it.
Subtlety would appear not to be one of Alexei Miller's strong suits.

Vilhelm Konnander has more on the topic, citing a Washington Post editorial "Imperialist Gas". From Mr. Konnander's post:
An editorial in Sunday's Washington Post - "Imperialist Gas" - claims that 'Russia doesn't want to "politicize" energy sales. It just wants to use them to bully its neighbors.' Expectations that Russia would restrain itself in its imperial ambitions during the country's 2006 G8 presidency thus seem to have been falsified. Instead, Moscow continues its increasingly aggressive energy policy towards not only its "near abroad" but also European and global markets.

According to the editorial, Alexei Miller, Gazprom chairman, last week threatened EU governments that 'his company will sell its products in other markets unless they give way to its "international ambitions".' The background was reactions against Gazprom plans to buy Britain's largest gas company. Thus, Miller denounced 'supposed Western attempts to "politicize questions of gas supply"' despite the fact that it is now becoming increasingly apparent that Russia is using the "energy weapon" to 'restore Moscow's dominion over neighbours' such as, on the one hand, Russia-defiant Ukraine and Georgia, and on the other hand, Russia-friendly Armenia and Belarus, and in the process affecting energy supplies to EU-countries.
It would appear sometimes that the strong-arming success of the Russian mafia in business dealings within Russia, has taught Russian businessmen to follow comparable tactics on the international markets. Continued tactical mistakes of this nature will certainly encourage European nations to develop renewable and alternative energy resources. Perhaps Mr. Miller and Mr. Putin are secretly members of Greenpeace, and they seek to scare the world off of Russian gas and oil.

If so, they are really off to a great start. Only they could make buying an almost necessary product with little competition outside of Russia seem like a bad deal.

Russian Reaction to Jamestown Conference Reveals Fear of Free Speech

Russian Reaction to Jamestown Conference Reveals Kremlin Fear of Free Speech About the Situation in the North Caucasus

Another interesting article from the Jamestown Foundation, via it's Eurasia Daily Monitory website. Andrei Smirnov writes about the Russian reaction, with a few interesting tidbits regarding the Russian presence at the meeting:
Two officials from the Russian Embassy to the United States attended the event as observers. They were accompanied by journalists from the Kremlin-controlled ORT television network. ORT broadcast a story about the event on the popular 9 pm news program that night. The panelists were surprised to learn from the ORT story that they had planned new terrorist acts in Russia during their discussion in Washington.

"The statements that are made in the USA imply that new, large-scale acts of terrorism in Russia are necessary," according to the ORT headline. "As a matter of fact, the presented subject of the event is ‘Perspectives of the New Nalchik.' These perspectives were treated with sympathy" (ORT, April 14).

The note of protest from the Russian Foreign Ministry likely had been prepared in advance so that Russian authorities were ready to condemn the discussion irrespective of its content. The ORT report about the conference was needed to provide grounds for a protest to the American ambassador. ORT and the Russian authorities likely had coordinated their actions.

Clearly, the Kremlin was enraged just by the title of the discussion: "Sadullaev's Caucasian Front." Unlike in the United States, where the government encourages public research on terrorism issues and open analysis of al-Qaeda statements and publications on websites belonging to Islamic radicals, in Russia such topics are the exclusive prerogative of the authorities.
It was pointed out by Sean Warner of Sturmovik earlier this week that a simple transcript would answer the question of what was (and wasn't) said at the conference. Mr. Warner has written to Jamestown requesting a copy of the transcript, but I believe this hasn't yet been forthcoming. However, neither has the Russian TV shows transcript of what was said at the event.

Andrei Smirnov further writes his opinions about what the Russian governments attitudes towards information and free speech:

The Kremlin is not interested in providing either Russian society or the international community with detailed information about the Caucasian insurgency. Instead, officials in Russia use vague terms like "international terrorism" or "dark forces" to describe the source of instability in the south of the country. Sometimes some "unknown Arabs" are mentioned, but never actual insurgency leaders such as Abdul-Khalim Sadullaev. Nor does official Moscow recognize the existence of the Caucasian front, preferring to speak about "the criminal underground in the North Caucasus."

The Russian authorities do not want to focus on Sadullaev, as his presence proves that the insurgency across the North Caucasus is directed from Chechnya by Chechen separatists, not by terrorists from Saudi Arabia or Afghanistan, as official propaganda claims. The authorities were even angrier about the fact that Vachagaev called Sadullaev the "Chechen president," trying to present the rebel leader as a legitimate figure in the eyes of the Americans. Since Abdul-Khalim Sadullaev succeeded Maskhadov after the latter's death last year, the Kremlin has used a number of devices to hide his name from the West, fearing that one day Western governments will start to persuade Moscow to initiate a dialogue with him. Previously they had called on Russia to negotiate with Maskhadov.

Russian authorities are also afraid of any accurate, thorough analyses of the situation in the North Caucasus. As it increasingly loses control over the region, Moscow has tried to make it off-limits to foreigners by deporting journalists and humanitarian-aid workers. Public discussions like the Jamestown forum on April 14 are considered as threatening to the Kremlin as independent, inquisitive journalists who try to enter the volatile region.
While I was in Russia for New Year's, I actually had a small conversation with Sergei about Chechnya (our language skills limited us). But we both agreed that perhaps Russia was better off to let Chechnya go, rather than continue to engage in conflict. The price is high for both Russians and Chechens, and neither really wants to be part of the other. Sergei seems rather practical and not particularly aggressive in terms of his politics, so other Russians might have strongly different views. However, Russians have no love of Chechens, seeing them as predominantly and historically criminals or "bandits". It seems it is just the Russian government which wishes to retain control of the region - with or without the Chechens who call it home.

Russians take aim at Western anti-AIDS methods

Russians take aim at Western anti-AIDS methods


From the AFP, via Yahoo - We have a news story that will sound very familiar to Americans. Surprise! Yes, we Americans have this very same debate regarding the nature of safe sex promotion and various groups which promote it, versus churches, conservative parents groups, conservative congressmen, etc.
As AIDS cases rise in Russia, tactics to fight the disease have become a divisive issue with some politicians charging that education on safe sex pushed by Western groups amounts to promotion of immorality and calling on President Vladimir Putin to intervene.

"In the guise of AIDS prevention, Western foundations encourage pedophilia and prostitution," Lyudmila Stebenkova, a member of the Moscow municipal legislature representing the pro-Kremlin United Russia party, charged recently.

"They even show children how to put on a condom!" she complained.

Shocked by a UNICEF film distributed to Moscow schools, Stebenkova urged the Moscow legislature - which, like the national parliament, is controlled by United Russia - to vote in favor of an appeal calling on Putin to limit the activities of international anti-AIDS groups in Russia.

A draft text of the proposed appeal to Putin has received the backing of Patriarch Alexy II, head of the Russian Orthodox Church.

This was not the first time that the country's authorities, increasingly out of synch with the West, have addressed the issue.

Stebenkova, who chairs the city's health commission, had already drawn the ire of AIDS-combatting groups after recently launching a poster campaign in Moscow dominated by the slogan: "There is no safe sex."

Critics interpreted the slogan as an attack on contraception use and a call for abstinence.

"We're buying AIDS prevention programs from countries we were at war with a few years ago," said Vadim Pokrovsky, chief of the federal center on preventing and fighting AIDS.

While I agree with promotion of safe sex and sexual education, within the United States it seems to be started at earlier and earlier ages, and with undesirable messages and subtexts (this is my opinion). Sexual education seems to have become so liberal in the past decade, to the point that even liberal minded people question the methods and messages favored by groups such as Planned Parenthood.

These groups within Russia are picking up the identical message. Although this sounds like mostly conservative backlash - Russia can be surprisingly conservative. There is a very real dichotomy within Russia, between the decadent and lurid versus the traditional and religious. The West positions itself yet again to suffer another backlash from conservative Russian elements, through guilt of association.

Ukrainian Easter Eggs - Pysanky

Georgia's Ukrainian Easter Eggs

I had happened upon the webpage of Georgia Sawhook of Fairfield, Ohio a couple of weeks ago. She is of Ukrainian ancestry through her grandfather Michael Markiw, who came to the USA in 1907.

On her webpage, Georgia discusses some of her ancestry and family history, including an upbringing in the highly slavic area of western Pennsylvania.

However, the real claim to fame for this page is her discussion and demonstration of Pysanky. Pysanky derives from the Ukrainian word meaning "to write":
Many ancient Ukrainians believed the eggs possessed magical powers and that wealth could be obtained by decorating the eggs with certain symbols. When Christianity was introduced into the Ukraine, the symbols changed and others were added to reflect Christianity, the Resurrection and a promise of eternal life..

Making pysanky became a Lenten ritual in Ukraine. A family produced many eggs during this time to be shared with friends and family and the local priest. Some were planted or placed in the fields or feeding troughs to insure a wealth or abundance in their crops and livelihood. Some were placed by the family graves or placed in the coffins out of respect for their loved one. Others were kept in the home for protection. And then, some were presented to young men as signs of affection. (Have you given a pysanky to your boyfriend lately?).

It seems that the women of the house were to make all these eggs during Lent. They even had secret recipes for their own special dyes in the villages. These were always handed down from mother to daughter. An interesting piece of information I found was that before they would begin to create the pysanky, they would pray "God help me" and they also prayed that the person who received the eggs would be given joy, good fortune, happiness and protection from harm.

The process - although looking difficult - is very simple. It is a long process and takes a steady hand, time, and patience. Once completed, you have a real sense of accomplishment.
Mrs. Sawhook also sells some of her eggs, and works with hen's eggs, goose eggs, and even ostrich eggs. She works with raw eggs through the process, as she has been taught it is more traditional and symbolic of the Resurrection. However, since she started selling Pysanky on the internet, she takes the time to blow out the eggs afterwards.

From the Kozmic Dreams website, we have the following short history of Pysanky culture in Ukraine:
Pysanky and pysanka, the singular form, are derived from a Ukrainian word meaning "to write." Pysanky are whole, raw eggs which have been decorated with a wax-resist method whereby one draws (or "writes," as Ukrainians would say) those portions of the design one wishes to be white with melted wax on the plain, white egg. A small, hollow funnel attached to a stick is often used to heat the wax and write with. This tool is called a kistka. One then dips the egg in a light colored dye - yellow, for instance - and writes those designs that are intended to be yellow. Another, darker dye bath is followed by more writing, and so on till the entire design in its several colors is on the egg. One then heats the egg, often in the flame of a candle, and wipes the melted wax off it. This is the finished pysanka.

Archeologists have discovered ceramic pysanky in Ukraine dating back to 1300 B.C. They have linked pysanky designs to those of Egyptian ceramics created in 1500 B.C., and to symbolism of the Trypilljan culture in Ukraine of 3000 B.C. Six thousand years ago, the Trypilljan culture flourished in Ukraine. The society existed 3000 years before biblical Abraham and long before Greek mythology and the Bronze Age. Trypilljan people lived in the land of Ukraine at the same time as the Egyptian pyramids were built. The Trypilljans were a matriarchal society that worshipped "mother earth" and had little interest in power struggles concerning politics, taxes, money and ruling, as in patriarchal societies. Trypilljans lived peacefully with each other and with their neighbors. The tools people used most were hoes and sickles, not clubs and arrows. Their homes were decorated inside and out with beautiful drawings and paintings. Because they took time for artistic and aesthetic beauty, scientists feel they had enough food and time to spend on higher pursuits such as beauty and art. In both design and color, Trypilljan symbolism echoed the people's close attachment to the soil and other elements of nature. Ukrainian symbolic art is based, in large measure, on these early ideograms. The most notable example is the Ukrainian meander or unending line, which denotes the cyclical nature of life. Other examples include such motifs as the circle, cross, stars, dots, matriarchal symbols, wheat, fir tree, horse, stag, horns and bear's paws.

What is a symbol on "pysanka"? It is a word picture, an ideogram, a code, containing the secrets of a culture. More effectively than words it reveals feelings: love, happiness, hope, dread, despair, etc. To those who understand symbolic art, it means something, and to those who cannot decipher the code, it remains a mystery. The sense of mystery is inherent because each pysanka involves a trinity of symbolisms: the symbolism of the egg itself, the symbolism of design, and the symbolism of color.

Since the earliest of times people have sought meaning for life’s mysteries and in the process have found the need for worship. One of the earliest objects of worship for primitive man was the sun and in Ukraine, eggs were an integral part of the ceremonial rites of sun worship. The ancient Ukrainians determined that when an egg was broken the yolk represented the sun and the white the moon. Beeswax was considered as a magical ingredient of the writing process. This was entwined with the sun cult. The wax was made from honey; the honey was collected from flowers; flowers grew because of the sun. The egg became part of various ceremonies and took on a particular significance in the spring rituals. In winter Earth was dormant and appeared to have no life, just as the egg appeared to have no life. But as the seemingly dead egg hatched a living thing the earth too sprang to life in spring. Consequently, the egg became a symbol of life.

The tradition of decorating eggs, especially at Easter or in spring, was widespread through Europe. It was especially prevalent in Slavic areas. There were the Moravian eggs from Czachia and the Sorbian eggs from the Slavic tribes of eastern Germany. Nowhere, however, did the decoration of eggs become so vital a part of a society’s culture as it did in Ukraine. The people in Ukraine came to see the egg, now referred to as pysanky, as a talisman. Pysanky became part of daily life and were believed to possess power. Evil pirits were believed to be afraid of the rooster and chicken eggs. The Cossacks often took roosters with them on their travels to serve as time clocks and also to ward off evil. To the ancient people of all cultures life could not be lived without a talisman of some sort. Danger was everywhere. In the Ukraine, pysanky became needed, necessary, and cherished.


Resources:
Art Ukrainian
Learn Pysanky
All Things Ukrainian (Pysanky supplies)
Georgia's Pysanky Page
Kozmic Dreams

Untimely Thoughts: US-Russia and Conflicting Perceptions

Untimely Thoughts: US-Russia and conflicting perceptions

Interesting discussion on Untimely Thoughts regarding US-Russian relations and the conflict of perceptions. This week is the first of two parts, starting with Russian perceptions this week, and US perceptions next week. The panel this week consists of Patrick Armstrong (Canadian Government analyst), Sergei Roy (editor of Intelligent.ru), Dale Herspring (Political Science professor, Kansas State University), Gordon Hahn (Senior Researcher, Center for Terrorism and Intelligence Studies), Ira Straus (US coordinator of the Committee on Eastern Europe and Russia in NATO), and Dmitry Babich (staff writer, Russia Profile). Starting with Patrick Armstrong:
15 years ago, Russians had hopeful, if unrealistic, expectations from the USA and its Western partners. Much of that hopefulness has been replaced with suspicion and, in some circles, with actual mistrust of the West and the USA. There are objective reasons for this change. Russian opinion polls have consistently shown a population divided on many things but united in two: opposition to NATO expansion and to privatization as it was carried out. These two can easily be woven into a conspiracy theory.

In the 1990s Westerners were shipped over to advise the Russians on how to effect the changes. US assistance was channeled through the Harvard Institute for International Development. Janine Wedel was the first to show, in 1998, in her book Collision and Collusion, the failures on the ground. The US actors selected a particular group of Russians, immediately named "reformers" - everyone else by implication being wooden-headed opponents of "reform" – who pushed their prescriptions through by presidential decree. In short, the principal beneficiaries of this policy were the oligarchs whom it created. When the long lawsuit against HIID rumbled to an end last year, she was shown to have been correct. Russians are not so stupid that they didn't notice this and for many Russians, therefore, democracy has become associated with insiders ripping off the people and enriching themselves, while cheered on by Western observers. This association has, to put it mildly, tarnished the image of one of the West's most important foundations; while polls show that Russians like freedom, democracy is now a tainted word. Old people saw NATO expansion as the extension of a military alliance up to Russia's borders; young people saw it as a door slammed in their faces. But NATO expanded anyway. Then the fears of the fearful appeared to be confirmed when NATO had its adventure in Kosovo - this indeed seemed to be muscle flexing by a confident military alliance that didn't care about anyone else.

To these two policies, we add the Russian predilection for searching out conspiracies. Driven by convictions that hidden plots underlie every surface event, they "connect the dots". One can easily imagine some Chekist warning Yeltsin in, say 1995: these people aren't our friends, although they pretend to be; they want to weaken Russia and break it up; their advice is designed to loot the country; their democracy is just a cover word; they will expand their military alliance until we are surrounded; they will promise to invest and trade, but they won't; they will say nice things to gull us. In 1995 this could be dismissed, but ten years later, consider what these people would now be telling Putin (who is perhaps more inclined to listen, given his background): Russia is weak; external forces do want to break it up (Berezovsky supports Basayev, Berezovsky has asylum in the UK; Brzezinski is high up in the American Committee for Peace in the Caucasus - see, it all fits!); it has been looted; NATO has expanded everywhere; there still is little trade and investment. Connect the dots... we told you this would happen.

And so it goes. Suspicious Russians can now point to quite a few dots. And, for dot connectors, the connections are the only truth - they can never accept any such explanation as human stupidity or the bad execution of well-meaning plans.
The rest of the discussion is also worthwhile and interesting, other points are raised, and it all touches upon topics that were also discussed here earlier this week. I recommend the discussion for anyone interested in the current perceptions and state of US and Russian relations.

Saturday, April 22, 2006

Klitschko vs Byrd: Is Wladimir Klitschko a 'Shot' Fighter?

Klitschko - Byrd: Is Wladimir Klitschko a 'Shot' Fighter?

Tonight is the rematch of the Владимир Кличко (Vladimir Klichko) and Chris Byrd fight in Mannheim, Germany. The 35-year old Byrd, IBF Heavyweight champion is hoping that this fight won't end as it did 6 years ago. On the surface, Byrd would appear clearly overmatched, as Klichko has a considerable advantage in youth and size. However, from Tim Neilson of East Side Boxing, we have an exposing assessment of Vladimir Klichko

Wladimir Klitschko, 30, will be fighting Chris Byrd this Saturday, April 22nd in Mannheim, Germany. Based on what I've been reading, many people are under the impression that Wladimir (45-3, 40 KO's) will simply be too much for Chris Byrd, who at 6'ft (sic), is a liliputian (sic) compared to compared to (sic) the 6'7" Klitschko giant.

Based on size alone, you would think that this will be an easy fight for Wladimir, right? Wrong! Although Wladimir beat Chris Byrd, winning a 12-round decision in October 14, 2000, Wladimir is nowhere near the same fighter, having been knocked out twice since then and on the verge of another knockout in his last fight against Sam Peter, in September 24, 2005.

Let's return, then, to the point in Wladimir's career where, I feel, he was ruined as a fighter and that was in his fight against Ross Purity, on December 5, 1998. Purity, a hard punching (sic) journeyman with a dismal 24-13-1 record, was punched silly by Wladimir for 10 rounds, but then the fight suddenly changed late in the 10th, when Purity landed a hard right to Wladimir's chin, hurting him badly. The round ended with Wladimir taking vicious head shots from Purity. In the following round, Purity immediatley (sic) pounced on Wladimir, who out (sic) on his feet and almost helpless. His corner, seeing that Wladimir couldn't do anything to keep Purity off of him, ran into the ring and stopped the fight before Wladimir could take any further punches to the head..

At the time of the fight, Wadimir had a record of 24-0 with 22 knockouts, which spoke volumes about his punching power. However, what the record didn't show was that Wladimir hadn't really been tested during any of those earlier fights. I mean, he had fought essentially 3rd tier fighters who were not even close to being in the same league as Wladimir. So, basically, you could call Ross Purtity (sic), a 2nd tier fighter, Wladimir's first real fight and it marks where, in my opinion, Wladimir was ruined physically and mentally as a fighter. A lot of people point towards Wladimr's (sic) fight with the South African, Corrie Sanders (38-2, 29 KO's), in March 8th, 2003, as the point where Wladimir was beaten down and destroyed as a credible fighter, however, I disagree strongly with that opinion. True, it obviously didn't help that Wladimir was brutally chopped down in two rounds by the Sanders, a knockout artist of the first order.

However, I think Wladimir had never gotten over the Puritty (sic) loss, mostly from the chin standpoint but also with his confidence, which took a major nose dive following his loss to Puritty (sic). To Wladimir's credit, he did what he could after his loss to Puritty (sic), to steer his career back on course, by winning his next sixteen fights over mostly soft opposition. However, Wladimir was carefully brought along, keeping him away from really hard punchers, other than Derrick Jefferson, who despite having tremendous punching power, had a chin much like Wladimir's.[..]

So, with a weak chin and shattered confidence, can Wladimir win against Chris Byrd on Saturday night? The answer is, No! Sorry, but Wladimir is too far gone, in my opinion, to beat someone as skilled as Chris Byrd, who has improved steadily over the past 5 years. Based on what I’ve seen of Byrd in his past several fights, I predict a stoppage win by Byrd, probably by the 8th round. It’s too bad, because Wladimir could have been a great one, maybe even a Hall of Famer, who knows?
I personally have been a fan of the Klichko brothers for quite some time. They are two well-educated, intelligent, and well-spoken boxers ... at a time when we have very few such individuals in the heavy-weight division. They also are the first wave of a new generation of former CCCP heavyweight boxers. For generations the heavyweight championship seemed like an American birthright; however, this generation of Slavic fighters has signalled the clear end of that era of dominance.

Thus far we are two rounds into the fight, and Klichko seems to be keeping Byrd at a distance and wearing him down. The pre-match statistics cited the two fighters having the same arm length, Klichko appears to be using his arms and longer body to keep Byrd on the defensive and at a distance.

As we come to the last 30 seconds of the 3rd round, Klichko has opened up on Byrd, scoring a string of solid punches. Byrd continues to try to work inside, and does so for brief periods of time, working on Klichko's ribs and body.

When Byrd comes inside, Klichko holds Byrd, forcing the referee to seperate them. He's been warned 6 times thus far (4th Round), but it is a tactical strategy to keep Byrd at a distance.

5th round and early in, Klichko DRILLS Byrd and knocks him flat. Byrd gets up, but he is on the ropes. Klichko is working to finish him off with a knockout, working him hard with 1:30 left, he is simply killing Byrd. Byrd is just hoping to finish the round, he hasn't landed a single counterpunch since the initial knock-down blow. The crowd is going crazy. We're at 50 seconds left in the round, and Byrd is a little less wobbly, he seems that he will finish the round, and he does. Jim Lampley says it might have been the most devastating round of Chris Byrd's career; that right by Klichko was perfect, caught Byrd on the chin just as Byrd was leaning forward.

6th round and Byrd is still on the defensive. Chris Byrd's wife is yelling instructions at him, telling him to move his head, as it is a constant target for Klichko. Byrd can't get inside to hurt Klichko and to tell you the truth, Klichko is looking almost untouched at the half-way point of the fight. I'm actually disappointed that Klichko wasn't more aggressive in this round, as it seems Byrd is ready to lose.

It is worth noting that Vitaly Klichko is working his brother's corner as well.

7th Round and down goes Byrd at about the 2:30 mark and Byrd's face is a bloody mess - the ref ends the fight, Byrd's eye was just destroyed, a bleeding mess after that knock-down right-handed punch in the 7th Round. Byrd was kept at a distance by Klichko's left all night long, and he unleashed hard right-handed punches judiciously to just destroy Byrd. Emmanuel Steward, Vladimir Klichko's trainer devised a great strategy against Byrd. Now Klichko is looking forward for a chance to unify the heavyweight titles

As Jim Lampley just stated, the best fighter out of eastern Europe is Vladimir Klichko. Extremely good post-match interview with Vladimir also - he is very well spoken, especially for a guy who just learned English a few years ago. Barely a scratch on him at the end of this fight. Nice of him to cite his brother also, and say that a win for one of them is a win for both of them. I remember an interview with these brothers a few years ago, where they said they would never fight each other in a match, because it would break their mother's heart. He is now two-time heavyweight champion of the world, the "Steel Hammer", Dr. Vladimir Klichko.

Pasha Night



Courtesy of photojournalist Elena Skochilo, we have this presentation of Pasha Night photos to share with everyone. Her work will be available on gazeta.kg as well as part of a photo assignment on Easter in Bishkek.

For the curious, she also has a recent photo assignment from an American-style Football game in Bishkek.

Happy Birthday, Volodia Ilich Ulyanov


What's that? Did you hear something? Shhhh ... be quiet everyone, I think I hear something. He said ... he said ...

"Bury me already! What is wrong with you people?!"





Friday, April 21, 2006

Misinformation - Power Line: Russia Decides Not To Exist

Power Line: Russia Decides Not To Exist

Happened upon this post that someone wrote on Powerline Blog. They don't offer an opportunity to respond to statements on their forum, so I'll point out their extremely misleading statement and inaccurate use of language here.

Russia Decides Not To Exist

Demography is destiny, as Mark Steyn has written. We know what the world's population of 20-year-olds will look like in 20 years, because that population has been born. There is no way to come up with more people in the meantime. To a shocking degree, today's birthrate statistics reflect a decision on the part of a number of nations, especially in Europe, effectively to commit suicide.

Today the Washington Times reports on a Russian Parliamentary hearing on "family policy," at which it was reported that nearly half of Russia's families have no children at all, and another 34% have only one. Russia's current birthrate is 1.34 per woman, far below the rate needed for population equilibrium. At the current rate, Russia's population will be cut in half by the year 2050.

This implies a rate of depopulation greater, on a percentage basis, than when the Black Death killed around one-third of Europe's residents. Villages, towns, and even cities will be deserted and cease to exist. Or else they will be occupied by someone other than the Russians.

When people leave one territory and more to another, they are said to be voting with their feet. When a society makes a collective decision not to reproduce itself, its people could be said to be voting with their--well, let's not go there.

It's often noted that when people lose confidence in the future, they tend to stop reproducing. I think that's true, but the issue goes deeper, and is ultimately, I think, philosophical. Whatever its causes, I doubt that changes in a government's "families policy" will have much impact on this particular voting pattern.


The biggest problem statement that I see is "This implies a rate of depopulation greater, on a percentage basis, than when the Black Death killed around one-third of Europe's residents." First, a rate, by definition ... is an quantity measured with respect to another measured quantity. Miles PER hour, $6.99 per pound, etc. The writer here actually means to say that the % decline in population, if the trend continues, will be comparable to the Black Death (Bubonic Plague).

However, the actual RATE of population decline per year due to the Bubonic Plague was 25 times faster than what is happening in Russia, occuring over 2 years (1348 to 1350 in Europe) rather than the 50 years speculated upon in the article.

Further, the birth rate per woman is skewed due to the age of Russia's population. One can expect that as elderly women pass on, the total birth rate per woman will actually increase. Using figures for birth rates is misleading in this case.

Wikipedia cites 2005 estimated figures of 10.2 births/1,000 people and 16.5 deaths/1,000 people. However, these figures alone are not sufficient to estimate what future population declines might occur. It does not account for the death rate among the fertile vs. non-fertile portions of the population, and the numbers of elderly and the overall aging of the population in Russia. In other words, the elderly are not an infinte pool and with increasing death rates, you should expect the average age within the country to decrease.

Further, the UPI article cited by Powerline is equally bad at math, citing:
U.N. statistics say that at this rate Russia's population will be 101.5 million by 2050, shrinking by almost half from the over 143 million population of today.
My math suggests that half of 143 million would be 71.5 million. A difference of 30 million on this scale doesn't quite qualify as "almost" in my book. In fact, a decline from 143 million to 101.5 million would be an approximately 29% decline in population - closer to 1/4 than 1/2.

There are obviously disturbing population trends within Russia, where having one child is considered the norm. It is estimated that the abortion rate is higher than the birth rate and many women use abortion as a form of birth control. Many of the orphans in Russian orphanages actually have parents and family who have abandoned them due to their own economic hardship, substance abuse, or psychological problems.

It also appears there are no easy solutions for this trend. While economics clearly play a part in Russians not having children, the number of Russians living below the poverty line has been halved since the economic crisis after the decline of the CCCP - with no subsequent impact on the nations birth rate.

Economic vitality combined with revised immigration laws, to attract the Russian diaspora into returning to Rodina might be one consideration to help reduce the decline. However, it is likely that ethnic Russians will continue to remain in fairly rapid decline within large portions of their own country. It simply won't be on the exaggerated scale inaccurately portrayed in articles such as Powerline and the UPI present here.

Слава Богу, сегодня пятница!

I have a few short announcements before the weekend. Next week will be a bit of an unusual week for me, I'm not likely to spend a great deal of time around the computer after Tuesday, although I will try to post something short on Thursday and Friday. I actually have been anticipating this and will wrap up some articles this weekend that I will save as drafts and post later in the week.

Also, The Accidental Russophile has a new member, Natasha Andreyeva (
Somnevaushayasya), who will hopefully be contributing on political topics. Her posts will be in Russian, which I hope will encourage more Russian readers and also might challenge me to improve my own Russian. I think Natasha will also give us a very authentic Russian point-of-view on political topics and might lend itself to more discussions and challenge American-centric points of view.

Soviet Moon Images

Soviet Moon Images

I happened upon an interesting site that I thought to share. Mental Landscape has a series of interesting photos from the Soviet Space program (as well as some other topics). Most notably they have a page devoted to Soviet Moon Images which features the Luna-3 images (the first images made of the dark side of the moon), through to Luna 24 in 1976 (the last spacecraft to land on the moon).

Mental Landscape also has pages devoted to the Soviet Exploration of Venus and Nikola Tesla.

Don Mitchell is the creator of Mental Landscape, and for the curious he maintains a blog here.



Thursday, April 20, 2006

Izvestia Interview with Leon Aron - Only the G8 Summit Can Break Iran

Evgenie Baj of Izvestia has an interview with political sociologist and resident scholar Dr. Leon Aron of the American Enterprise Institute regarding the cooling of attitudes between the US and Russia. Dr. Aron discusses the areas of mutual interest between the US and Russia and gives his rather optimistic forecast for compromise between the two nations.

I think Dr. Aron is being diplomatic in his assessment, but it is likely at time when diplomacy is necessary. I think both the US and Russia have been moving at rather more deliberate cross-purposes than Leon Aron presumes. However, it is likely better to focus on new agreements and working towards common goals, than continued actions to undermine each nations interests.

The American press has determined that the attitudes between Washington and Moscow are going downhill. The US Congress and news media, the American "the fourth authority", have increased pressure upon President Bush, attempting to force him to reconsider attitudes towards the Russia Federation. [..] The Washington Post has announced its verdict "The debate is over: Russia is not a democracy". But not so long ago, the same newspaper wrote that in the USA there are different centers of authority which influence decision-making concerning Russia. On the one hand is Vice-President Dick Cheney who calls for a tough policy towards Russia, and on the other is Secretary of State Condoleeza Rice, insisting on a more balanced approach. Has this debate really ended?

Leon Aron: Actually in the USA there is another, more global debate ongoing - about American national interests and Russia's place within this system of coordinates. Really, it is being said that attitudes are rapidly worsening. But within this phenomenon there is no sorcery or malicious intention, and there is a difference in the essence of these two schools of thought. In this case I understand the ruling elite, their agenda and ideology as modes.

The American policy is dominated by two tendencies. The first is defined by the consequences of the monstrous act of terrorism on September 11. From this point of view, the White House appreciates and will certainly continue to appreciate Russian cooperation. The priorities of the USA will still be the war on terrorism and nuclear non-proliferation - two areas in which Russia plays an important role. Recently these foreign policy objectives have received an improbable impulse because of the sharply increased danger of a nuclear weapon coming into the hands of the nations which then will supply them to terrorists.

Another mark from his father on this administration is its roots in neo-conservatism. And for them maintained communication essentially important, that the foreign state achieves on a world scene based upon how it behaves at home. In the USA there has been a returning to John Kennedy's slogan: "that we shall bear any burden and pay any price, to help democracy in the world". [note: Dr. Aron misquotes or paraphrases Kennedy here, the full quote is actually "Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe, in order to assure the survival and the success of liberty."]

Here also there is a dividing line between neo-conservatives and the so-called realists. For the last it is not so important, what occurs inside Russia, and it is more important how many Russian rockets there are and that we agree with them. Therefore, in my opinion, it would be more reasonable to look not at the difference of the ideological centers within Washington, but at these two tendencies which often conflict among themselves.

Izvestia: But it does not explain the increased mutual irritation between both Washington and Moscow?

Aron: I am absolutely convinced that Russian leadership does not willfully carry out an anti-American policy. And Washington does not aim to take an anti-Russian position. But in the USA, due to the dominate neo-conservatives within the administration, they begin to watch very intently what occurs within Russia. And Russia begins to trust the USA less, because they see these democracy nations turning against them. And in Moscow also there is a certain genetic predisposition towards Putin's policies. There was shame from the chaos and weakness of the 90's years, when Russia rode in the wake of the USA. In Moscow it has been decided, that the absolutely inadequate decentralization of policy and the economy has taken Russia in the wrong direction, and that now it is necessary to reanimate the role of the state, to use the highest authority to remove the "brilliance of the crown" and to approve the role of a ruling political party. These conclusions also dictate Russian foreign policy. In the opinion of the Kremlin leaders, it should be completely independent. If this policy is not pleasant to America, then so be it. In the Kremlin it is considered the best policy, and that Russia will be appreciated more as an independent power.

The trouble is that this policy, by virtue of the nature of a present political mode within the USA, is perceived as anti-American. And in Moscow the policy of the USA is also perceived. They witness the promotion or the so-called "planting" of democracy as it becomes a primary factor of American policy. And Moscow looks at the consequences of this policy in Georgia, Ukraine and Kyrgyzstan and immediately forms the conclusion that these are anti-Russian actions. [..]

Izvestia: And nevertheless till 2008, little will change in the attitudes between these two leaders. Bush repeatedly has said, that he "will not hand over" Russia. And he obviously ignores appeals of Senator John McCain to exclude Russia from the G8.

Aron: McCain is not responsible for safety of America, and President Bush responds. And in the time while the administration that was burnt on September 11th is in power, it will measure seven times, before cutting off attitudes towards Russia. And in the policy priorities in the war on terror and nuclear non-proliferation it is necessary to include the power and influence of Russia. In fact here it is understood that it is better to pay Russia for oil, than to buy from other countries where the money flows to terrorists. But remember my words: in a year the pre-election debate will begin and we shall see very serious attacks upon Russia from John McCain. And in fact, he will be one of the most serious American presidential candidates from the Republicans. Besides, considering that elections will also be occuring in Russia, Washington will paying even greater attention to our country. Also be assured we will see many unpleasant things from the during these democratic procedures. The attention towards Russia is always amplified 12 to 18 months prior to presidential elections in the USA. So it was for both Yeltsin and Putin.

Izvestia: And what is your forecast for this time up to the elections in both countries?

Aron: Nothing catastrophic will occur. But it is necessary to tighten your seatbelts. The plane will not fall, but it will shake very strongly.

Izvestia: And it is obvious, quite good attitudes between Bush and Putin become property of history. The same attitudes any more will not be between the American and Russian leader who has come to power in Washington and Moscow.

Aron: it will not be exact. The last years the factor of personal attitudes between presidents in many respects defined the American policy in relation to Russia. In the middle of a monstrous shock which has shaken America on September, 11th, 2001 to Bush Putin with words of support has called. Such it is not forgotten. Also it is the main reason of that Bush will hold a former position concerning Putin and Russia.

Izvestia: In Moscow one of primary points of irritation is that America appears to make all new demands for the introduction of Russia into the WTO. Many Russian politicians perceive it as a desire to punish Russia for deviation from democracy.

Aron: It isn't so. Here, look first of all at the interests of business. And business representatives blame Russia for subsidizing the prices for energy carriers and infringement of intellectual property rights. But it not a political plot by the US administration.

Izvestia: And the nortorious Jackson-Vanik amendment?

Aron: Here is another algebra at work. The White House has spoken in every possible way for the amendments cancelling. But the current administration doesn't have the political capital to spend. It is already politically half-dead, bleeding profusely because of the war in Iraq. And in this situation, it remains to the US Congress and to pass through McCain - which means it is doomed to obvious defeat. The White House says: the amendment has become outdated and Russia has carried out of all obligations on free emigration from the country. But to Bush, they will object: what about the state of local democracy, and the absence of free elections, and the dependence of the press on the Kremlin, and Khodorkovsky's arrest?

Izvestia: In occasion of the forthcoming G8 summit, there are calls for Bush not to attend [..] What do you expect will occur?

Aron: It is assured, nothing will happen. The G8 is too serious and heavy a structure. To shake it, to try to take out one of columns, something to file - dangerously and unreasonably. But there is one element which can be dangerous to a forthcoming meeting. It is the crisis around Iran. If there happens to be a sharp deterioration of the crisis around the nuclear program of Iran, if there is the impression that Iran will not only create the nuclear bomb - already very few people doubt it - but that it is really determined to carry out its threats, and if the West will rise into a united front, and Russia says it will not be part of that, it will lead to a situation where the summit can not take place.

Izvestia: And what is your personal forecast?

Aron: I think, that it will not occur. Iran will continue to play for time. And Russia begins to show flexibility in every possible way. The first summit of club of the civilized states at which the President of Russia will be the head - is an extremely important step for the Kremlin. I have a impression that Moscow, will probably go on towards a certain compromise with the West over Iran.

Izvestia: And in your opinion, a compromise is possible?

Aron: Iran continues escalation of provocative applications. The difference expressed towards Moscow at its approach to the Iranian crisis was shown not only from the USA, but also by Western Europe. And, as the summit approaches, the desire within Moscow will probably ripen to prevent or at least to delay the occurence of an Iran with a nuclear bomb on the Russian border. Actually the Kremlin does not have many moves left. It will either condemn Iran or it will not condemn. I think that in the Kremlin they pray, that the conflict has not progressed to an uncontrollable stage before the summit. Because to speak about Bush personally, the administration, and the Congress, the impudence of Iran combined with the connivance of Moscow can provoke a big fire. And in this sense, the destiny of the summit depends on Tehran.


My apologies for the hack translation. While I can slowly get most of the understanding from a Russian news article, it takes me quite a while to work out a translation, and I am sure I don't get the grammar and meaning perfectly. I was fiddling with this translation a little bit on and off all day and only had time to complete it this evening.

For the most part, I agree with Dr. Aron, although I disagree with the Russian idea of the US "planting" democracy in Georgia, Ukraine, and Kyrgyzstan. Those countries rebelled against the status quo, of which Russia was a part. And if Russia had such great relations with those nations over 90 years (which seems to be the Russia perspective) than what could the US say in a few weeks to overturn that? It is like saying that you and your wife have been in love for 40 years, but 5 minutes on the dance floor with another man and she is leaving you. Meanwhile you blame the other man. If she left so quickly, it isn't because she was in love with you, buddy. It is because she was tired of picking up your dirty socks and sleeping next to you while you snored.

I think it is also unfortunate that the continued Russian perception of the economic ups and downs of the 1990s were the result of following US policies. In fact, I think the US gave very little advice or support in those years - Republicans love to point this out as a major failure of the Clinton administration. I personally see the economic upheavals in Russia during the 1990s as being due to the rapid changes which happened in the wake of the collapse of the Soviet Union. The US role in that was rather small. It is a natural human tendency to look outside for causes, than to look inside for the real reasons.

Revisiting these issues really isn't important, however. Of greater importance is working towards further diplomatic agreements and our nation's common goals.

Tuesday, April 18, 2006

Russia Lodges Protest with US Over Chechnya Seminar

Russia lodges protest with US over Chechnya seminar

The seminar, "Sadullaev's Caucasian Front: Prospects for the Next Nalchik", was sponsored by the non-governmental organization The Jamestown Foundation and "calls were made for carrying out fresh terrorist attacks on Russian territory" during the event, the ministry said in a statement.

The title of the seminar contained references to Abdul-Khalim Sadullayev, the political leader of Chechen separatist forces, and the city of Nalchik in Russia's North Caucasus, where a brazen attack by Chechen rebels last October left more than 100 people dead.

"It was stressed to the ambassador that the holding of such events on US territory is contrary to the international obligations of the United States in the fight against terrorism," the statement said.

Maybe I shouldn't be the one to say this but ... quid pro quo.

I think it should be stressed to the Russian ambassador that,

  • Selling conventional arms (missles most notably) to Iran, a nation whose leader has repeatedly called for the destruction of Israel and,
  • Providing nuclear technology to Iran, which is clearly and transparently moving towards building nuclear weapons and,
  • Defending Iran at the UN Security Council, despite the IAEA asking for Iran to suspend refining of uranium and,
  • Providing $10 Million in funds to the Hamas led government, without requiring the disarmament of Hamas or its self-declared status as a militant terrorist organization calling for the destruction of Israel and,
  • Continued weapons sales to Syria and,
  • The former Russian ambassador to Iraq providing covertly acquired military intelligence to the Iraqi government regarding US and coalition military forces, prior to the Iraq war,
... are contrary to the international obligations of the Russian Federation in the fight against terrorism.

Russia shouldn't expect favorable behavior from the US government, when Russia is doing everything it possibly can to fund and arm nations which support Muslim extremism and terrorist acts against the United States. In fact, the Russian government's own recent behavior would be akin to the US government funding and arming Chechens. The US hasn't come close to that and this seminar was sponsored by an NGO, but can you imagine the Russian reaction if it happened?

Even if what Russia says about this seminar is true (and I believe it probably is true) it is mild compared to the accumulation of actions by the Russian government against US interests over the past several years. The indignation on Russia's part regarding recent calls by members of the US Congress should only be exceeded by their wonderment over what took the US government so long to respond.

I expect some sort of mild rebuke or statements by the US government.
However, we do still have the First Amendment in this country (at least when it suits the government) and I can't see where the US will do much to the NGO's involved.

In short, the Russian government expects favorable treatment from the US ... when they provide nothing of the sort in return.
Further note: From the Jamestown Foundation website, the seminar was a total of 3 hours, with the following scheduled speakers and topics:
Sadullaev's Caucasian Front: Prospects for the Next Nalchik

Date(s): 04/14/2006 - 04/14/2006
Location: Washington, D.C.
Description: Featuring three distinguished contributors to Jamestown's Chechnya Weekly, Eurasia Daily Monitor and Terrorism Monitor.
Friday, April 14, 2006, 9:30 A.M. – 12:30 P.M.

The Choate Room (1st Floor)
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
1779 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

09:30 a.m. - Registration

10:00 a.m. - Welcome - Mr. Glen E. Howard, President, The Jamestown Foundation

10:15 a.m. - Instability in the Caucasus: An Overview - Mr. Ivan Sventsistsky, Coordinator, Yalta Initiative for Peace in Chechnya, Moscow

10:45 a.m. - Islam, Jamaats and Regional Implications - Dr. Andrew McGregor, Director, Aberfoyle International Security, Toronto

11:15 a.m. - The Chechen Resistance: New Faces, New Strategies - Mr. Mairbek Vatchagaev, Ph.D. Candidate, L'École des Haute Études en Science Sociales, Paris

11:45 a.m. - Discussion

12:15 p.m. - Concluding Remarks - Mr. Glen E. Howard, President, The Jamestown Foundation

It isn't difficult to guess when the calls for "fresh terrorist attacks on Russian territory" were made or misinterpreted. It would be my guess it was within the 30 minutes scheduled for "The Chechen Resistance: New Faces, New Strategies" by Mr. Mairbek Vatchagaev. The animated gif image above is from a online petition where Mairbek Vatchagaev was one of the initial signers

It is also worth noting that the Jamestown Foundation has issued a statement, Jamestown Denounces Moscow's Distorted Accounts of North Caucasus Conference.
Russian State Television, Foreign Ministry Falsely Manipulate Coverage of North Caucasus

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE -- April 18, 2006
Contact: Glen E. Howard , +1 202.483.8888

WASHINGTON, DC (4/18/06)--The Jamestown Foundation today denounced a Russian state-owned television report on a conference examining instability in the North Caucasus, calling the coverage distorted, manipulative and patently false. The April 14th conference, entitled "Sadullaev's Caucasian Front: Prospects for the Next Nalchik" assembled independent experts from around the world to assess Russian policy and Muslim separatist movements in the region.

"ORT's false reporting on The Jamestown Foundation is a throw-back to Soviet-style manipulation and propaganda," declared Jamestown Foundation President Glen E. Howard. "Far from advocating terrorism, Jamestown's publications and public events provide American and Russian policy makers with the insights they need to prevent catastrophes like the September 2004 hostage crisis in Beslan and the October 2002 Moscow theatre siege."

The report, which ran April 15th on Kremlin-controlled ORT Television, falsely alleged that the Jamestown Foundation is advocating future terrorist attacks in the North Caucasus and incorrectly implied that the United States government is supporting Muslim separatists in the region. The report also speculated wildly about the role of U.S. Vice President Richard Cheney, a long time friend and supporter of the Jamestown Foundation.

"The Jamestown Foundation produces five publications, including Eurasia Daily Monitor and Chechnya Weekly, which covers developments in Chechnya and the North Caucasus," explained Howard. "The Jamestown Foundation is a leader in providing independent, fact-based analysis about instability in Eurasia and global terrorist activities. The notion that Jamestown and the U.S. government are promoting terrorism in Russia is not just absurd, it also shows just how paranoid the Kremlin's repressive regime has become."

The ORT report also featured prominently in today's formal protests to the U.S. Embassy in Moscow, in which the Russian Foreign Ministry alleged U.S. support for terrorist attacks in Russia. The Jamestown discussion did not feature terrorists, but included a group of independent experts to discuss recent developments in the North Caucasus. The participants included two Americans, a Canadian, a Paris-based Chechen historian and an independent journalist from Russia.

"The Russian Foreign Ministry's protests come at a time when the Kremlin is shuttering independent media, systematically repressing human rights organizations and funding the Palestinian terrorist organization Hamas," argued Howard. "Accusing Jamestown and the U.S. government of promoting terrorism in Chechnya and the North Caucasus is not just ironic, but blatantly hypocritical."


Monday, April 17, 2006

3 Years Ago Today

So, I've been lazy the last few days. I had my son and daughter for the weekend and we had softball practice and a lacrosse game on Saturday, and then Easter Sunday. I have a group of half-finished articles that I need to finish and post, I just haven't been focused on completing them.

In the meantime, I just realized that 3 years ago today, I was flying from Boston to JFK to Sheremetyevo ... doing that annoying transfer from Terminal 2 to Terminal 1 ... and waiting until evening to fly via Aeroflot to Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. The purpose of my trip was to meet my long-time correspondent, Elena Skochilo and her family. I suppose I was crazy to make the trip, but it seemed like a unique opportunity to see a part of the world that I considered rather remote.

It
was a hell of a trip. So many unusual details that I still recall - such as the blonde woman behind me in the check-in line at SVO Terminal 1. She was an ethnic Russian who was originally from Bishkek. She and her husband had moved to London some years ago; apparently he was a fencing master. She was absolutely shocked when she saw my passport (she was looking for it as she stood behind me in line). I realized only afterwards that she was trying to guess my nationality while waiting in line. She was really very amused that I was traveling to Bishkek (of all places). She couldn't stop laughing about it (wasn't the last time that a Russian would laugh about my making this trip).

Once in Bishkek, I rented a flat for about two weeks - not too far from downtown. It was an interesting trip: finding myself jumping at the sight of rats crawling over garbage in the apartment building alcove, crammed into marshrutka, enjoying a family meals Russian-style (first course with vodka), walking around downtown on Lenin's birthday (how ironic to have a Coke and a smile on Lenin's birthday), traveling to Tokmok on Easter, tapping eggs with Elena's babushka, drinking lemon-flavored samogon, making a short trip to Burana Tower.

I also had few days at Issyk-
Kol lake, which impressed me with its size and absolutely stillness - rather like the world's largest mirror. This deep and remote freshwater lake is supposedly where the former CCCP navy tested their most secret of submarine and torpedo technology. We stayed at the lake-side resort where the Russian national swim team was training. The facility served food in Soviet-style cafeteria setting - you had few choices and the diet and quantities were fine, but spartan.

This trip was also my first exposure to some of the crazy and also interesting ideas that people of the former Soviet Union have regarding the US. For example, I was cornered by a friend of Elena's sister-in-law, and questioned in broken
English. She wanted to know if it is true that in the United States, women can work and their husbands don't expect them to necessarily stay at home. This girl was married and apparently quit her university studies at her husband's insistence. As I kept talking to her, she leaned in closer and closer, and I began to suspect she was about to climb into my lap and start kissing me out of gratitude and excitement. Little did I know the seed that I had planted - six months later she left her husband and moved to Ukraine (although I did hear that they got back together after that).

There was also this idea that if a Russian married an American and had children, that the US government would prevent the children from ever
returning to Russia, etc. How that topic came up, I'll never know. I had to explain that it was extremely unlikely that the "government" (federal, that is) would ever involve themselves in child custody. The laws for US citizens versus permanent residents would be the same: divorced parents typically can't move more than a certain distance away from each other, without some agreement between them.

Bishkek is a small city, but we visited most of the best that it had to offer. This included restaurants in the downtown, including a cafe known as Fat Boys. Elena thought it was owned and operated by an American, but turns out he was quite Australian (I knew it instantly but she couldn't pick out English accents). I was introduced
to the Russian concept of a baked potato as a meal (stictly side dish in the US). Of course, Russians also will drown their baked potatoes in all kinds of cheese and smetana and other things that are somewhat less common here. We also went out to the Old Edgar in downtown and watched some Kyrgyz acoustic band playing Beatles songs (very amusing). It was obvious that they were singing phonetically. I happened to meet a graduate student from Houston (and his wife and daughter) who was in Bishkek studying the Kyrgyz tongue (was his thesis topic, apparently).

I walked around most of the time feeling out of place and like a giant. Unlike in Russia, almost everyone there is rather short - even the ethnic Russians.
We pushed and crowded our way through the Osh market - an assembly of empty truck or train canisters. I had a $20 bill stolen while trying to change dollars to soms. I learned the importance of keeping your shoes clean (I've never seen such dusty dirty streets). Kyrgyzes have the same nasty habit as Chinese - they spit everywhere they walk. Apparently they are of the belief that it is good for the health.

It was a great trip, but not something
I would recommend to the meek or those who can't handle some discomfort or inconvenience.

I've gotten a good response to this posting, so I'll post a few more photographs below:

Me on the north shore of Issyk-kol, view to the north. Over those mountains is Kazakhstan and the city of Almaty.


Lake Issyk-Kol. It is about 30 miles (50 km) across and a little more to the mountains on the opposite shore. Scarcely a wave or a ripple in sight.


Shashlyk at Andrei's humble abode. I got VERY drunk this night, it was one of my last in Bishkek.


The walk (and view) from Kyrgyz Seashore at Issyk-Kol to the nearby village.


Burana Tower, just outside of Tokmok.


Lemon-flavored vodka on the sandy shores of Issyk-Kol.


In Tokmok with Elena's step-grandfather (her grandmother had outlived two other husbands). He said "I look like a good Russian boy". He might need glasses.


Tea with Turkish cookies (or at least the store was Turkish).


At Fatboys, probably waiting for a potato!





Friday, April 14, 2006

Михаил Горбачев: холодная весна России и США

Михаил Горбачев: холодная весна России и США Cold Spring of Russia and the USA

Mikhail Gorbachev has an interesting article in Rossiyskaya Gazeta today, regarding increasing tensions between Russia and the US. His viewpoint is different than my own, but certainly worth reading none the less. I think the average Russian's point of view is even harder towards the USA. As I've discussed in other articles the past few months, Levada Center polls and Vladimir Zvonovsky's studies suggest Russian citizens have rather negative views of the US these days. Until recently, citizens of the US had rather favorable views of Russia (I expect that has slid a bit as Russian policies have been in the headlines more the last few months).

A few US politicians have used this opportunity to do a little bit of drum-beating and saber-rattling in Russia's general direction. Bush has been accused of being "soft" on Russia and Putin. These news stories have been barely noticed here in the US, but made headlines in Russia. Americans are much more focused on the Moussaoui trail, Tom Cruise/Katie Holmes, and the Duke University Lacrosse team, to care about what is going on with a country like Russia. To Americans, worrying about Russia is about like worrying about Italy. China, the UK, Iraq, Iran, and India get more attention from us (and therefore, headlines) these days.

And as always, Russians have rabbit ears regarding what someone might say about them. Pedro Martinez has nothing on Russian leaders in such regards.

So, the much maligned (in Russia) Gorbachev has taken this opportunity to write something which few American politicians are likely to read and which most Russians will dismiss, simply because it is Gorbachev speaking. To the uninformed westerner this might be a surprise - Gorbachev was the first leader of the former Soviet Union who didn't seem either like a complete asshole or a decrepit fossil. But to Russians, he is something like Jimmy Carter - blame for anything bad over the last 20 years pretty much falls at his feet.

From Gorbachev's Rossiyskaya Gazeta article:

Last weeks appeals in Washington for cooling and even toughening of attitudes between our strong countries is "Today's Special". During my recent trip, such views were in the press and in the performances of visible politicians, in particular senator John McCain, the possible candidate from Republicans for the 2008 presidential elections. We Russians also have people, who with alarm and anticipation, are adjusted for a renewal of "Cold War" in any new format.

Clearly, during these moments, we all have underestimated the complexity, the differences in our attitudes, and the necessity to approach to them carefully and building towards realistic purposes. At one time, we Russians were euphoric in those occasions with a prospect of cooperation with America. And in the USA there was an illusion that Russia had become their junior partner in the devising of the world on the American sample.

Now this phase has past, but sober analysis alone does not suffice for now. One of the main results of this has become a wrong understanding of results of the "cold war" in which one of the parties - the USA - has hastened to declare itself the winner. Russia, the other party, has appeared in deep crisis as a result of disintegration of the Union and reforms of 90 years.

Having remained in role of a unique Superstate, the United States was sick with a complex of the winner - which is dangerous including that behaviour which it defines. In such conditions it was impossible to build a proper attitude between our two countries towards long-term prospects. The USA gave Russia compliments which were often not deserved, and applauded radical-reformers under whose control the country spiraled downwards. Simultaneously the USA allocated to themselves on the world scene a role of police, prosecutor, and judge. This behavior should cause disagreement, and not only in Russia.

All of Russian history testifies: We have always left such past crises, gained strength and again became a serious world player. So it has occurred now, the Yeltsin chaos inherited by president Putin has resulted in a period of steady growth. Here there is more to be done still and all is far from done ideally, but the trend is obvious. And during this moment of the critics of Russia in the West and especially the USA have chosen to become especially sharp and irritable. In Russia it is noticed and we form our conclusions.

I can say this responsibly: the open lines of dialogue and interaction between presidents of Russia and the USA is supported both in political and public circles of our country. But recently there was has been anxiety: will this open dialogue remain intact?

[..]

In general if you look at the list of concrete claims by American politicians towards Russian foreign policy, it becomes obvious that the real disagreements are quite often exaggerated - to the detriment of opportunities for interaction in our common interests. Take, for example, the problem of the nuclear program of Iran. Here still political means have not been exhausted (as the president of the USA has confirmed), and Russia makes all efforts to find a resolution agreeable to everyone. I think, it will be reached more quickly if the USA, after planned consultations with Iran on problems of safety in Iraq, will go on towards wider contacts with the Iranian government.

It is not necessary to exaggerate the possible tactical disagreements on Middle Eastern problems. Russia and the USA - cosponsors of the Madrid conference, participants of intermediary "quartet" on Near-Eastern settlement. There is no basis to see as criminal the contacts between Russia and the freely-elected HAMAS government in Palestine. It is necessary to work more actively as partners with agreed tactics for such contacts, but it is already, as they say, in the working order and certainly, without unreasonable claims and charges.

I apologize for the mistakes in the translation, I might have done a better job with more time.

Personally, I find many Russian myths, rhetoric, and revisionist history in this article by Mikhail Gorbachev. This is my American point of view (even with my appreciation of Russian culture and history). I also think he completely misjudges the areas of cooperations between the US and Russia, particularly where Russian behavior towards Hamas, Syria, Iran, and apparently even in Iraq can be seen as nothing less than provacative towards the US.

In the US, recent history of the USSR and Russia would be seen as the collapse and defeat of the Soviet Union (a nation which oppressed its citizens), followed by an inevitable period of economic chaos, and now some recent signs of rebuilding. Based on Gorbachev's words, Russia was never "defeated" and suffered by mistakes and liberal reforms under Yeltsin. I supposed they just accidently fell on their sword. And now Russia has emerged as a real world power. Such thinking seems to suggest if there had been no Yeltsin - there would have been no problems for Russia. In this view, Russia has merely been resting - regaining their strength - so that they could reemerge as a leader on the world stage, as they have been since time immemorial (apparently).

I think Gorbachev completely misjudges American perceptions of Russia's Middle East partners. He feels the American concerns have been exaggerated - I think they have been rather mild as the US has a full plate already in Iraq. As regards nuclear power plants and missle deals with Iran - Americans would not be much more horrified if it was announced that Russia was selling nuclear missles to Satan himself. He seems to forget the extreme state of animosity between Iran and the USA since 1979 - an animosity that can not be resolved by the US alone. Everytime we begin to think of Iran as "normalizing" some leader there makes statements about killing every Jew and chanting "Death to America" with images of the American flag being burned. As prideful as Russians are, they would have burned Iran to the ground about oh ... 1982 or so ... if such behavior were directed against their own nation. Look at Chechnya for examples.

It becomes apparent that if this is the Russian point of view (I suspect it is actually the more LIBERAL side of the Russian political spectrum) that there is not going to be any resolution between the US and Russia in the near future.

More on Gorbachev's article can be found via the AFP article here.



Thursday, April 13, 2006

The Russian Foreign Legion?

Army looks abroad as Russia's youth defy draft

Now why didn't I think of this? Perhaps it was the potential beatings. But I see that no price is too high to pay, for a chance to become a Russian citizen ...
The Russian Army is creating a foreign legion in an attempt to attract overseas recruits to a force that is widely hated and avoided by young Russians. Perhaps the top brass is hoping to evoke something of the romance of the French Foreign Legion, but recruits are coming from former Soviet republics where unemployment is high and poverty rife.

NTV carried footage of two legionnaires, one from Ukraine and one from Central Asia, showing off the neat two-bed room they shared and demonstrating their marksmanship. They seemed happy with the opportunities the army offered compared with life as guest workers in Moscow, where migrants do the dirtiest and riskiest jobs. And there was the promise of Russian citizenship for their service.
By contrast, the army is facing a wave of reluctance and even defiance from Russian youths ahead of the spring draft. Some young men and their families still regard military service as an honour and a mark of manhood but many see conscription as tantamount to a two-year prison sentence. When their sons are only in kindergarten, many Russian mothers are already worrying about how to keep them out of the army when they reach age 18. Rich families pay bribes to get exemptions for their boys while poorer youths dodge the draft as best they can.
Showing some concern for the 124,000 lads who will go into the army this spring, Colonel-General Vasily Smirnov, deputy chief of the General Staff, said that only 54 conscripts, rather than 80 as in the past, would be packed into each of the third-class train wagons which take them to their postings. He added that they would be accompanied by army doctors and they and their families would be allowed to know in advance where they were going. It remains to be seen whether this will win hearts and minds.

"I was upset when my son got his girlfriend pregnant," said one mother, "but then I saw the bright side of the situation." She was referring to the fact that young fathers are exempt from conscription.

"I go everywhere in my car," said one youth, "because I am afraid of being press-ganged on the street."


Russian Students Win Programming Contest

Russian Students Win Programming Contest

Go Russia! The student team from Saratov State University won the 2006 Association for Computing Machinery's International Collegiate Programming Contest (that's a mouthful). It is an international academic competition for computing students. The competition consists of students working in teams of 3 and attempt to solve a group of software puzzles or problems in the shortest amount of time.

The World Finals were held in San Antonio, Texas and hosted by Baylor University. This is no small competition: 1,500 universities from over 70 countries fielded over 3,800 teams that competed at over 130 locations during the regional competition. The World Finals consisted of the top 80 teams.

The final results were as follows:

  1. Saratov State University (Russia)
  2. Altai State Technical University (Russia)
  3. University of Twente (Netherlands)
  4. Shanghai Jiao Tong University (China)
  5. Warsaw University (Poland)
  6. St. Petersburg State University (Russia)
  7. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (USA)
  8. Moscow State University (Russia)
  9. University of Waterloo (Canada)
  10. Jagiellonian University - Krakow (Poland)
  11. University of Alberta (Canada)
  12. Zhejiang University (China)
Three runner-up gold medal winners each winning $3,000: the University of Twente in the Netherlands, Altai State Technical University in Russia and Jagiellonian University of Krakow, Poland.

Three schools shared in $2,100 and a silver medal: the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, St. Petersburg State University in Russia and China's Shanghai Jai Tong University.

Bronze medals and $1,050 in prize money went to Ufa State Technical University of Aviation and Moscow State University, both in Russia, as well as two Canadian schools: the University of Waterloo in Ontario and the University of Alberta.

So, big congratulations to Саратовский Государственный Университет (Saratov State University), and all the Russian teams, who did very well. They came, they saw, and they kicked-ass!

It is shameful to note that only 1 American university (MIT - of course) placed in the top 20 and only 3 (MIT, Princeton, and DePaul) placed in the top 30 of the competition. How many of the kids from those universities were actually American, one wonders. I consider the slide in global stature of American Universities one of the Bush legacies. The best and brightest minds were at first turned away by changed US visa policies. Now I would say they have fewer and fewer reasons to come study here at all (funding of research and job prospects perhaps being the only attraction).


Intellectual Property Rights?

КИНОЗАЛ.ТВ

Well, I debated for a few moments whether I should post this link. However, I'm not recommending that you actually USE this service, unless you are going to download something like the Russki version of "The Nanny" TV show. I don't feel any guilt in you infringing on the intellectual property rights of a Russian situation comedy.

Kinozal has a rather extensive collection of bit torrent available movies for ... ahem ... viewing. I see they have Zhest and yep, "The Nanny" as well as 9 рота (9th Division), Солдаты 7 (Soldiers 7), as well as many other movies that would interest anyone who speaks Russian with a high-speed internet connection. I also noticed the 2006 Кривое зеркало ("Curved Mirror" - might be too literal a translation from me) New Years performance.

Translit.ru - Transliterate while you type


Translit.ru - транслитерация - лучший переводчик с транслита

Here is a handy tool. If you can read Cyrillic (like me) but aren't very handy at knowing the placement of keys on the Cyrillic keyboard (again - like me) then you might find Translit.ru rather helpful.


You basically type in the translit window using your QWERTY keyboard and the text is transliterated into Cyrillic. It appears to support Ukrainian and Belarus (Belarussian?) as well. I haven't played with it too much going the other way, but I see it supports English, so I presume Cyrillic keyboarders can type and have words transliterated into Latin text as well.


Could be a time saver for those who simply haven't mastered the "йцукен" keyboard.

I suppose kids could actually use this to code messages in emails back and forth to each other as well.

Wednesday, April 12, 2006

My Russian News Sources

The last post got me thinking about discussing (briefly) where I browse for news and events and such regarding Russia. The number of English-language news sources that I browse for information is relatively small and I actually think I could get some tips from others as to what and where to look for reliable news service.

I'll start with a quick run-down of American and British papers and news media services. I'll read them if something is about Russia and sometimes it makes for a topic for discussion, but I don't hold them in particularly high value. The most typical ones to write about Russia regularly are the New York Times, Washington Post, and the BBC. To the Russian reader, they often seem grossly pro-western (which in zero-sum thinking equates to anti-Russian) in their bias to the point of outrage. I generally consider them incomplete enough to be of limited value, but as I said, sometimes they make for a discussion or give me an idea for more research.

The English language Russian news and news service websites that I browse daily include, ITAR-TASS, Kommersant, RIA Novosti, Regnum, and RosBusinessConsulting. I will less commonly browse by Moscow Times and St. Petersburg Times ... their articles begin to become predictable. MosNews is also there but it is rather mild tabloid ... sometimes they will have an interesting interview. I've noticed that MosNews will really hack news stories that come from other sources as well, so if I come across something by way of MosNews, I generally go and translate the original. I'll use Topix and some other services to gather headlines on my homepage also.

Russia language news websites that I will browse and slowly read through (and translate) are Gazeta, Izvestia, Lenta, Komsomol'skaya Pravda. KP I consider more tabloidy and Gazeta seems more newsy (of course my Russian is much less than perfect, so my judgement of their news articles is incomplete). I'll also go to Levada Center and translate opinion polls and articles sometimes.



Tuesday, April 11, 2006

Englishphobic Pravda

The Russophobic BBC - Pravda.Ru

How ironic is it for Pravda (of all papers) to accuse the BBC of muck-raking ... and then launch into a short tirade on the UK's participation in Iraq. Apparently, Pravda-logic is that if the UK is part of the Iraq coalition, than anything the BBC writes is somehow invalid. Thankfully this article was in Pravda's opinion column - all too often the "news" from that tabloid is opinion in the pale disguise of news.

As I posted yesterday, the BBC's latest article on Russia was about rapidly growing internet use - growth which has far exceeded projections. I didn't see that as a muck-raking article ... I'm not sure any rational person would.

If I had to choose between the journalistic integrity of the BBC versus Pravda ... my vote will be for the BBC. I've certainly seen enough crazy tirades from the rag known as Pravda to last a lifetime (which is why I typically don't read it - this opinion column appeared on Topix).

As a last note, I have a general problem with the term "phobia" or "phobic" being used in this context in any case. Phobia's are irrational fears, with a clear psychological meaning. To dislike something is not a phobia ... it is simply to disapprove or dislike or even just to criticize. Attaching the term "phobia" is a tool to instantly discredit or to paint a point of view as irrational. It is a misuse (to my mind) that is perpetrated by many other English-language media sources as well.

Monday, April 10, 2006

Growth of the Russian Internet

BBC NEWS | Europe | News fuels Russian internet boom

Good news ... use of the internet is growing in Russia. This makes us almost cutting edge ...
At 16.5% of the population, Russia's web community is still small compared to the European Union, where the average is nearly 50%, and about 30% in newer member-states from the east, such as Hungary and Poland.

Yet the community's expansion in recent years has exceeded forecasts.

"It used to be true for any Russian site that approximately 40% of the audience would be from inside Russia and 60% from abroad," says Dmitry Shishkin, a senior producer at BBCRussian.com.

"In the last five or so years we noticed a growing domestic audience, particularly in Russia itself and among Russian speakers in the other ex-Soviet states."

Usage remains highest in Moscow and Central Russia but improving telecommunications mean that 12% of Siberians, for example, are now users.
Of course, we are talking about Russia, so many people seem to be waiting for some sort of limitations to be placed upon internet use, and the information that can be accessed. After all, what good is it to control the TV News when an increasing number of citizens can access differing opinions from their computers?

Perhaps disappointingly to some, thus far the Russian government has shown very little interest in restricting what can be accessed by the internet.
Reports that Russia's parliament, the State Duma, was looking at legislation covering internet content rang alarm bells in some quarters this year.

The Kremlin, some speculated, was looking to extend its control over Runet, having tamed television and all but a few of the major newspapers and radio stations.

The actual legislation, prompted by an attack on a Moscow synagogue by a knifeman who apparently visited anti-Semitic internet sites, is aimed at specifically combating extremism - or "fascism, nationalism and the incitement of inter-ethnic and religious strife".

Various Russian MPs have attacked the internet, one famously describing it as a "cesspool", but there does not yet seem to be any serious attempt to exert state control online.

"Of course, you hear speeches about clamping down on the internet, just as extreme views exist everywhere, but there is no major legislation in the offing," one Duma official involved in drafting the new legislation told the BBC News website.

"The idea of using a global filter like China's 'Great Firewall' is not being debated because it is not in the spirit of current policy - it would not get through, it's unreal."
Internet Use Worldwide
  • Worldwide: 12.8%
  • USA: 68.1%
  • UK: 62.9%
  • EU: 49.8%
  • Russia: 16.5%
  • Ukraine: 11.4%
  • China: 8.5%
  • Uzbekistan: 3.3%
source: World Internet Stats 2005

Muslims protest in Moscow against threat to raze mosque

Muslims protest in Moscow against threat to raze mosque

Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad seems ok with Russian policies in Chechnya (I don't think live electrical wires in the anus are expressly forbidden in the Quran), so I am sure he will understand demolishing a mosque that is under construction ...

... As long as the weapons and nuclear technology keep coming.

A small group of Muslims and rights activists rallied outside Russian government headquarters on Monday to protest the threatened destruction of a mosque being built in the southern city of Astrakhan.

Russia's 20 million Muslims make up some 14 percent of the nation's population, but about half the 1.1 million inhabitants of Astrakhan province, which is home to the Volga Tatars, are Muslim.

Work on the mosque has been halted since last year, when the newly elected mayor said zoning rules had been violated. A local court has ordered the Muslims to dismantle the structure at their own expense by May 1 or face the bulldozers.

Regional official Oleg Popov insisted Monday there were legitimate safety grounds for the decision, pointing out that the mosque was close to high-voltage electricity lines. But he also said the demolition of the mosque was necessary because it was being built on land set aside for an apartment complex, the Interfax news agency reported.

"The courts are blindly supporting the administration. We can't even get local newspapers to print our views so we have been obliged to come here to Moscow," said the mosque's administrator, Asya Makhmutova.

"We believe we will be listened to and the federal government will help us, that is our hope," she said.

The threat to raze the mosque has heightened Muslims' concerns that freedom of religion is being trampled in an atmosphere of xenophobia fed by the Russian war against Islamic militants and separatists in Chechnya.

"This is yet another proof of the hypocrisy of authorities when they talk about defending the traditional religions. This would be the first time in decades that a mosque is destroyed in Russia," said Yevgeny Khlov from the group For Human Rights.

The protesters carried banners that read: "Shame on the Islamophobia in Astrakhan!" and "Russia is a multi-confessional state - Muslims are equal citizens."

Plans to construct the mosque across the road from a large Muslim cemetery on a 600-square meter (6,500 sq. foot) plot of land were originally laid in 1998. The city administration granted a permit three years later.

But after a new regional governor and mayor took office in late 2004, licensing officials did an about-face. Last summer, just months after work finally began as a result of a major fundraising effort, the Muslim community received an order to halt the project.

The planned mosque complex foresees a large, domed prayer hall, an Islamic school, three other small buildings and a 37-meter (120-foot) high minaret.

"The new Astrakhan authorities didn't like the fact that a Muslim place of worship is in such a prominent place," said a statement by the organizers of Monday's protest.

Of course, from a Western point of view, demolishing a half-built mosque that had already met local approvals, simply because of a local government change (and general dislike of Muslims) - surely seems like a worse offense than say ... printing a political cartoon depicting the Prophet Muhammad (peace be on him).

But I suspect this will register barely a blip in the Islamic world, as Russia has been a good ally and weapons supplier in recent years.

From Radio Free Europe (April 4, 2006):
Russian President Vladimir Putin was proud to announce last week that, in 2005, Russia's arms exports, worth $6 billion, exceeded their targets by 25 percent. In the past year Rosoroboroneksport, the state arms exporter, has sealed weapons contracts worth $18 billion, according to Putin a 61 percent jump.

As the head of Federal Military-Technical Cooperation Service (VTS), Putin has lobbied for the sale of Russian weapons systems during his visits to Malaysia, Thailand, South Korea, Turkey, and Middle Eastern countries.

The supply of Russian weapons to Syria and Iran has been of great concern for both Israel and the United States. Under international pressure, Putin eventually barred the sale to Damascus of Iskander-E tactical missiles, which could have changed the balance of power in the region. However, Russia continues to supply Syria with Strelets (SA-18) surface-to-air missiles, which in the view of Israeli specialists could be easily dismantled and handed over to terrorists.

In December 2005, Moscow also agreed to sell 30 TOR M-1 air-defense missile systems to Tehran. In addition to Syria and Iran, Moscow has negotiated sales agreements with Sudan. Also, Moscow continues to sell small arms and helicopters to the Hamas administration in the Palestinian Authority, which is boycotted both by Washington and Jerusalem. All in all, Russia should sell weapons worth $4 billion to Iran, worth $2 billion to Syria, and worth $400 million to Sudan, the Rosoboroneksport website (http://www.roe.ru) reported.
It is worth noting that the weapons sales to Iran made in December helped make the Russian weapon industry's year, as they were significantly below sales projects prior to the completion of that deal. Way to close out the year, boys! Christmas bonuses for everyone!

From Kommersant, "1 Billion in Four Days" (Febuary 23, 2006):
Alexander Denisov, the first deputy director at the Federal Military and Technical Cooperation Service, announced on November 30 that “the plan of $5.1 billion, endorsed by the president, will be fulfilled and exceeded.” The $5.1 billion would have meant a 700-million slump in the exports in 2005, against indicators of 2004, which would be quite in line with the cyclic nature of the arms market, according to experts. [..]

On December 28, the total figure for 2005 went up by $200 million. President Vladimir Putin reported at a session of the Military and Technical Cooperation Commission that the arms exports retained “the stable growth” and cited the sum of $5.3 billion. “This is somewhat less than last year but it is roughly the same level,” the president concluded.

Oddly enough, after New Year’s holidays, the “somewhat less” turned into “a new record” that Defense Minister Sergey Ivanov reported to Putin on January 18. “We have summed up final result, which is $6 billion in 2005,” the minister boasted pointing out that the success proved the efficiency of the new system of military and technical cooperation introduced in 2000. The president was not at all surprised by the news, judging from his reserved reaction. Still, neither Putin nor Ivanov would explain how the initial $5.1 billion came to be the record-high $6 billion.

However, this record was also broken a week later. The head of Federal Military and Technical Cooperation Service, Mikhail Dmitriev announced on February 9 that the agency “closed last year with the result of $6.126 billion.” The sum is more than $1 billion higher than the one that Dmitriev’s first deputy had posted. The change is unprecedented. The difference between preliminary results reported at the end of the year and the final sum that the arms export service usually announces in mid-February has never exceeded $100 million.
Never let it be said that the U.S. has the market cornered on hypocrisy.

Sunday, April 09, 2006

eXile - 59 Reasons Not to Kill Yourself!

eXile Feature Story - 59 Reasons Not to Kill Yourself!

While on the topic of satire, I found this article in eXile rather funny and thought I should pass it along. The people over at eXile are brutal, but it isn't as if they don't direct that lampooning spirit towards everyone. So without further ado, (cliche) here are excerpts from 59 Reasons Not to Kill Yourself:

At the end of another long, brutal win­ter, when the blackened receding snow lays bare everything from rat-gnawed dead bodies to dog shit and six months' worth of Prima butts, life in Russia is at its bleakest. [..] While spring elsewhere is a sign of rebirth and nature's endurance, in Russia, it means just one thing - keep a towel and sec­ond set of clothes handy at all times.

Yep, April really is the cruelest month. While we can't say for certain whether more Russians whack themselves in April than at any other time in the year, if they do, well, it's pretty clear why. In any event, we do know that Russia's suicide rate is the second highest in the world, clocking in with a silver-medal-winning 37.4 suicides per 100,000 people. Only little Lithuania, the Baltic country that could [kill itself], logged in more. Russia's rate almost doubles among men aged 15 to 34, with 66 deaths per 100,000.
The Life-Affirming List
2. Two week nation-wide zapoi after New Year's
Sure other countries have two-week long vacations, but where else can you count on the entire country to get wast­ed during it? Besides, the New Year's holidays in Russia mean that everyone's going to be broke until mid-February, when they finally get a full pay-check again. There's nothing like a collective binge followed by a month of regret to make you feel like part of a community!

5. Over-the-counter anti-depressants
Gloomy? No need to be. Just head on over to any apteka and in a chipper voice say the magic word. Cipramil. Yeah it's a bit on the expensive side and at $50 for a month's supply will take a big chunk out of your budget, but this fast-acting SSRI will get you up and run­ning carefree faster than you can say ya hochu ubit sebya. And best of all, the pharmacist won't annoy you for a pre­scription and you can double or triple the dose without having to endure the guilt of breaking your doctor's orders.

8. To drive your kid crazy
If you kill yourself now, who's going to constantly harass your child? Who'll tell her that she should've had an abor­tion? Who'll yell over and over that she's killing her mother, that you've sacrificed everything for her and that she's an ingrate who you should have been dropped off in an orphanage? But words are only so effective, and your actions will speak even louder. Lecture them about how you're not running a brothel every time she comes home after midnight, no matter how old she is. When she's married, claim health issues and move in to her apartment, filling the medicine cabinet with strange herbal extracts and the fridge with pick­led herring and dill. If that's not reason enough to live, you can always lose your dentures somewhere in the apartment, and then mobilize the household to find them. Also, while you're alive you can pass on all of your superstitions and prejudices. Don't let them die with you!

10. You will not want to miss seeing how the US administration complete­ly fucks up the Iran/Iraq
For years you had to endure the humiliation of seeing your country's imperial glory go down first in Afghanistan, then in Eastern Europe, and then finally within Russia itself. Now, after 25 bad years, it's Russia's turn for a heapin helpin' of schadenfreude. And you want to off yourself? Just when you can sit back, flip on the TV news, and watch America get ground into shawar-ma meat in Iraq? Moreover, recent evi­dence that Russian agents gave the Americans' warplans to Saddam means that you, as a Russian, really can savor the defeat of the US as something your country helped bring about. Killing your­self now would be as crazy as spending 2 hours getting to know a whore, then sending her home just as she mouth-applies your condom. They payoff is coming, just wait a little more.

16. Mayonnaise
Mayo, how do we love thee? Let us count the ways: you can be made out of olive oil or sunflower seed oil... you turn slightly yellow in the sun... you can accompany everything from Caesar sal­ads to spaghetti Bolognese... you repre­sent the primary flavor in every single facet of Russia's rich culinary tapestry... you don't spoil when refrigerated... you go great with dill.. you can even be put on Nachos.. you rhyme with salad days...

21. There are still short cuts waiting to be discov­ered
Sure, you've been a cab driver all your life, learning the ins and outs of Moscow's streets, how to avoid traffic and beat the system. Yeah, you're pretty good at what you do -- and even when you get stuck somewhere, you can always tell your passenger "it would have been even worse if we took the route you suggested." But who knows ifthere's a pereulok or two out there lurking, just waiting for you to find it. And if there is out there, just imagine the joy you'll experience when you pick up your first foreigner after discovering that way to pass by a knot of traffic.

22. IKEA
That's right, you just need to open yourself to the transformative power of Ikea on the Russian psyche. Russia's sal­vation lies in reasonably priced, unstained Swedish furniture produced by near-slave-wage labor. But don't believe us, believe the Moscow Times. Ikea's back advertising in Moscow's English-language Paper of Record, and with that come the glowing articles. In a recent article titled "6 Years On, IKEA Still Waits Profit," we learned that Ikea hasn't made a dime in Russia, yet keeps investing in the spirit of absolute selflessness. Kinda like the eXile. "We believe in Russia," gen­eral director Per Kaufman told the Times last week, confirming what longtime Times readers have long suspected: that Ikea's motivations are purely altruistic. They're in it for you, friends. Now go buy yourselves some shelving units and assemble them with relish! Think about it -- if you die, you can't shop for useless IKEA kitchenwares. The company is tak­ing a hit to improve your life -- whattaya gonna do, throw it all away?

30. If you fuck up and end up in a Russian hospital, you're in a world of pain
Just hope you got the bribe funds necessary for proper treatment. Cuz if you don't, you're fucked. The filthy con­ditions and snide remarks you'll get from the hospital staff will surely lead to long and depressing stay that you probably won't survive. Better not to even try.

41. Goryachie putyovki
If the last few months of cold, grey Moscow weather have you entertaining thoughts of suicide, there's a way out! Just pick up a copy of Otdykh magazine outside of any metro station and let your fantasies run away with you! Only $300 for a vacation at a three-star hotel in Hurghada? What a bargain! Add the cost of a five-liter bottle of Johnny Walker Red in duty-free and we're talk­ing dream-vacation! You'll be wasted from the time the charter flight leaves the gate to the moment you get home, but at least you'll have a tan to remind you that there's a whole world of over­built beach resorts just waiting to be visited for next to nothing!

45. To see how Putin extends his authority beyond the 8-year maxi­mum.
Here at the eXile office, we've got a hefty pool building up. Jake's got his college fund on the line, while Mark got his property in Laos riding on this one, even Salnikov's got one of his cheaper Moscow properties in there. The ques­tion is, how is that man going to stay in vlast'? A sudden terrorist threat? A civil war? Maybe just a war? But with who? Stick around for the exciting conclusion.

49. Who's going to beat your wife/husband?
Domestic abuse is Russia's national pastime. Check the facts: just over half of Russian men beat their wives and about a third of Russian men have been beaten by their wives. 7% of Russian women don't know why they beat their husbands - they just do it. Russians know better than anyone that a good periodic pimp-slappin is healthy for mind and body - if not theirs, then yours. Question is, if you off yourself, who's going to beat your spouse? Your sense of responsibility should keep you from abandoning him or her to the violent whims of some other miserable drunk, who may not know the difference between a love-nip on the eye and a hammer to the back of the head. It's tricky, after all.

58. You won't see the eXile get closed down
For over nine fucking years, you've been waiting for the Russian authorities to wake up, act like the authoritarians they're supposed to be, and once and for all shut this goddamn newspaper down. Imagine if you threw yourself under a KamAZ, and the last Death Porn they ever print is about your stupid death...complete with close-up photos. You can't miss the one event everyone in this town has been..not so much dying to see, cuz that's what you're not supposed to do.but "waiting to see."

59. Giving Westerners long pedantic harangues
You've been reading up on the way things REALLY are in the West for years now, culling articles from Komsomolskaya Pravda, Moskovsky Komsomolets, and other key sources. But you still haven't been able to corner a Westerner yet to tell him exactly how things are run in the West, why they are run the way they are. More important, you haven't been able to explain to any American or Brit yet how English is a "simple" language that is "rational" but not expressive like Russian, which has so many nuances. You know this because you've read about it -- and in any event, everyone knows this to be true. Except those Westerners. If you can just get an audience with them, you'd make them see how well you understand things.

Aggravating Factor: You don't speak any English, and the three or four Westerners you've so far come across didn't speak any Russian. What's the point of sticking around in this life to engage in long, pedantic harangues over a range of important topics, if not a single word you utter is understood?


PS ~ The Accidental Russophile is surprised that Remont! did not make the list ...

Saturday, April 08, 2006

Uncle Pasha Updated


Uncle Pasha's Russian Travel Services

One of the most interesting Russians and Russian travel services,
Uncle Pasha a.k.a. Paul Voytinsky is now able to provide Visa Invitation and Visa Registration services and has updated his page for the coming travel season.

Pasha has an apartment for rent in Moscow and a dacha in Staritsa in the Tver region with horse-riding. A real Russian country experience. Step off the pavement for a change and visit the Russian countryside.
For anyone who is genuinely interested in visiting and traveling in Russia - that is the REAL Russia, outside of the downtown circle of Moscow - I highly recommend Uncle Pasha's service. His website is also a genuinely interesting and slightly non-linear experience (as befitting the Russian soul) where part of the enjoyment is navigating the hidden corners, photos, commentary, and writing.

Pasha is also a vegetarian and he has section with helpful advice and recommendations for fellow vegetarians (I'm an omnivore myself but recognize others preferences and needs).


Lastly - if you are a high-maintenance person (you know who you are) I would like to kindly ask you to not trouble Паша Дяди. He is essentially a one-man show and he can't hope to compete with the 4-star service you can get at many Moscow hotels. But for any reasonable person who is self-motivated to travel in Russia - the sort of person who I believe reads this page and speaks or learns Russian - you should definitely consider his services when you need them.

удача!

Михаил Николаевич Задорнов - Mikhail Nikolaevich Zadornov

Михаил Николаевич Задорнов - Mikhail Nikolaevich Zadornov was born in 1948 in Latvia. His mother, Elena Matusevich is of Polish nobility heritage and his father, Nikolay Zadornov is a Russian writer. As such, Mikhail grew up in the world of the literature, travel, and relative privledge. Since his early years he enjoyed taking part in different scenes and school theatre. He has become one of the most famous and popular Russian comics and satirists. As a small note, patronym is important in this case, as there is a Mikhail Zadornov, Chairman of the Subcommittee on Monetary Policy, State Duma.

In 1965 he joined the Moscow Aviation Institute. He was also a member of their handball team. During his years at the Institute, his health suffered a bit from living in the dorm and from the food he had to eat while being a poor student. Or maybe it was the drinking, considering he underwent treatment years later for alcoholism. In any case, he had to give up his dreams about being a famous handball player. His father had wanted his son to become an engineer, and for a time he worked as an aircraft engine designer, even inventing an atomizer used in aircraft engines. This atomizer remains on display at the Moscow Aviation Institute. It was at this time that he became more involved with theater, becoming a head of the Moscow Aviation Institute's Students Theatre. In the beginning of 1980's Mikhail Nikolaevich worked as a writer and editor in the comedy section of the popular magazine Юность ("Youth"). However, after about 6 months he quit due to endless battles with censors. He started comedy and satire performances at this time, working first at the Dzerzhinskogo club on Lybyanke Ulitsa.

Since that time his career began. His early years seem to be marked with humor mostly aimed at life in Soviet Russia, including the bureaucracy and government and inefficiency of life at that time. He has over the years become a very notorious artist in Russia. He gives extensive interviews on a wide range of topics, rather far removed from comedy or satire. His concerts are always sold-out. He claims to get more mail than any minister of the Russian government. He has published several books, dvds and audio cds. He is especially famous for making jokes about Americans and George Bush also, which certainly enhances his reputation these days. Along those lines, he also currently claims that he was refused a US Visa because of his jokes about George Bush and the American government. However, in contradiction to those more recent statements, in a 2002 interview with Komsomol'skaya Pravda, he says he had a multi-entry US Visa, which he crossed off in protest of American athletes flag-waving behavior at the 2002 Salt Lake City Olympics.

Usually Zadornov anecdotes are based on cases which he had seen or read in real life or which people from all over the country have sent him. Much of his humour concerns government and his perceived stupidity of people. All humor is strongly cultural, and I find that much of his humor regarding the US is less factual and more about Russian perceptions. One of his most recent efforts was titled "I love America" and I am sure readers can imagine the nature of jokes on that comedy CD. He has never been accused of being particularly nationalistic and considers Putin to be rather soft. He futher admits to admiring Lukoshenko for being a strong leader. If it seems contradictory to dislike America for standard of living, aggressiveness, and nationalistic pride - and to praise Lukoshenko as a strong leader - his point of view is not uncommon within Russia and parts of the former CCCP.

Mikhail Nikolaevich gives many extensive interviews, and generally speaks on a wide range of largely political topics. As such, he often sounds more like a political activist or politican wanna-be than a satirist, writer, or comedian. He travels extensively and many of his photographs online depict him at exotic locations on his travels.

It should be noted that Russian monologue comedy and telling of "anecdotes" varies from the stand-up comedy with which English speakers are familiar. Russian comedic monologues are generally "an oral reproduction of a pre-scripted text." The style tends to be more satirical and literary and non-improvisational (I can't imagine that comedic improv would have been popular with Soviet censors). Often the comedian or satirist adopts a double-voiced narrative style or plays the role of a rural outsider in order to make commentary on modern life. It should also be noted that Russian анекдоты (anekdoty) are different from anecdotes in English. The Russian variant are nearly always comedic and often fictional ... they are basically long jokes or satire. Conversely, anecdotes in English are generally short, true-to-life incidents of some interest or humor.





Conversation of a Rest Home Deputy Director with Guests on the Day of Their Arrival
by Mikhail Zadornov, 1983 (translation by Eric Konkol)

Comrades! You must conduct yourselves with a high degree of cultural refinement when resting in our new, comfortable rest home, seeing as it was completed on the memorable 47th anniversary of the beginning of its construction! And it received its certification of completion ahead of schedule--a full two years before the construction was finished.

So, first of all, about the rooms... Our rooms, comrades, are new, spacious, and comfortable! Each one has space for twelve cots. Therefore, in the rooms it is categorically forbidden to smoke, litter, walk, and, most importantly, talk, taking into consideration the excellent audibility between the rooms as well as the poor ventilation, arising from the absence of windows which the builders, in their haste, put not on the outside of the building, but between the rooms.

Furthermore: remember, since the builders didn't manage to install locks in all the rooms, you should take all your things with you when leaving the room, even for a short period of time!

Many people are interested to know: will we be giving out towels? Good news! We have a new laundry! However, it has been under repair since before it was built, so towels will be distributed according to strict regulations: one waffle towel for every room, and two terry-cloth towels for every three floors! I see worried faces. You're asking, how will we dry ourselves? I can allay your fears, comrades: you won't have to dry yourselves at all, because, in both our 18-story wings, the water doesn't get higher than the basement, and only in the spring.

Now about the elevators! Our elevators, comrades, are also new, spacious, and comfortable! However, since they aren't the same size as the elevator shafts, you can see them right here through the windows--there they are, standing in the courtyard. True, these aren't all the elevators. As part of our rational economic policy, we turned several of them into changing rooms on the beach. Only, I don't advise any of you to change in them. The automatic doors have rusted and don't always work. As a result, in each of them there is currently one guest from the previous tour group.

A few words about the beach. The beach, comrades, is our greatest joy! Spacious and comfortable! However, since we rent it out to 23 other rest homes, you have to try to grab space on it the evening before the day you want to go there. And while sunbathing during the day, you have to be careful, because, in the interests of the economic use of materials, the builders put the railroad line on the beach. And the train passengers have the habit of throwing things from the windows: empty food tins, bottles, etc. Recently, for example, there was an unfortunate incident on the beach and one person died after the director of the dining car was thrown out the window of the dining car.

A few words about swimming. There is nothing better for invigorating the organism than swimming in our sea. But this season, I don't recommend that anyone swim in it. At this moment, a very dangerous bacillus is spreading in the sea. And we only have one doctor at our rest home. Moreover, he's a young specialist who recently graduated with all 3's (grades of "C"--Trans.) from the Omsk Polytechnical Institute.

Comrades! Of course you'll all dreaming about losing some weight here. Good news! You will be assisted in reaching this goal by our new, spacious, and comfortable dining room, construction of which will begin in the next Five Year Plan. So far we've got its boiler house ready and we'll be eating there in seven shifts: first shift on Monday, second on Tuesday, and so on.

What else can I tell you to gladden your hearts?

Awaiting you in our rest home are all possible entertainment opportunities: discoteques, Saturday work parties, holiday trash-collection assignments! There are also various sporting competitions in such new types of sport as swimming in bags with your eyes closed.

Comrades! I understand that many of you will want to return home as soon as possible! Good news! For departures there is a separate ticket booth. True, you are, unfortunately, too late to order tickets there. This is because, in the interests of observing an orderly sale of tickets, guests must order tickets for departure exactly three days before their arrival.

And in conclusion: If someone doesn't like something, you can write a complaint. We promise that all your complaints will be promptly reviewed and those making the complaints will be kept here for a second session.

Well, that's it. I wish you all a good rest, invigoration, and, mainly, that you all return home!

Russian business, or the Eighth Wonder of the World
by Mikhail Zadornov
(bad translation by W. Shedd)


Our people are capable of doing business. Is it a joke? Even a country which makes nothing, achieves first place in the world by the size of its stock exchange. It is the second greatest impudence of our people since the October Revolution.

Tell me, your joint-stock company trades with the West. What does the West buy from us?

Russian Businessman: We make many things better than the West - metal shavings, sawdust, glass splinters. Nobody in the world expected such speed and resourcefulness
from our people.

We don’t allow the sale of raw aluminum to the West – we’ve decided instead to sell soldier's aluminum spoons. Since there is a prohibition on the export of lumber, each little spoon is packed in a small wooden coffin. There are no more bottles for beer - we have decided to pour beer into polyethylene packages. It is doubly beneficial. Before, these guys would get drunk on beer and then break the bottles over each others heads. Now, they drink a couple of bags, blow them up, slap their friends on the head playfully with the bags, and then go home … all without traumas and bruises!

Before now, these were considered the possible Eighth Wonder of the World: The Eiffel tower, and Notre Dame Cathedral, and Venice. Now it is known: the Eighth Wonder of the World is Russian business!

One joint venture even has managed to sell Panama our warm blankets. Before they met Russian salesmen, Panamanians didn’t understand why they need warm blankets - it is so hot at night their chickens lay hard-boiled eggs.

So it isn’t clear, who started all this talk about the degeneration of our people?

About ten years ago on TV the head of the Department of the Interior said, "It is a lie that in Russia there is no talent or skill. There is much talent … all of it is in prison”. There was this guy in prison who invented a device to counterfeit money. Seven years he was in prison and no one found his device. It was almost time for him to be released, when he is standing at the doorway of his cell. He opened the door and 10 ruble bill drops out of a jamb. He closes the door and a 25 rubles appears. Angrily, he punches the door … and a 100 ruble bill falls. Such a genius! Everyone said so and congratulated him. And then they added five more years to his sentence!

In it there is an essence of truth about our business. Talents have rushed from prisons … to where? To construction and business. Who was in jail ten years? That president. Who was in for five? That vice-president. The only place that creates more businessmen than our prisons is the Central Committee. So who are now businessmen? The Central Committee and crooks!

And foreigners cannot understand, why Russia in only two or three years had businessmen in unpolished shoes and the ties looking like a piece of a dog’s ear, and looking the exact image of the party poster "Did you volunteer to be a trolley bus driver?" Thus without any computer, calculating in their mind or as a last resort on accounts, they can estimate in eight seconds what the net profit will be if you sell to China two barges of galoshes in exchange for a brick plant which will be established at a purchased collective farm, acquired with a loan taken from a bank, secured by a bribe in the form of a painting sold to the Louvre created by some idiot clerk, painted in the socialist realism style and named "Budonni at the bed of the ill Gorkii ... ".

Here are all the miracles of the Eighth Wonder of the World.

Someone sews caps which Lenin wore.

Someone has learned to forge the signature for sheets of Murzika cat.

Someone trades in the paintings of Tizianо Vecellio. He swears that all of them are originals, as he bought them from directly from Tizianо himself.

Guys from the next joint venture company have contrived to buy up furs from northern natives in exchange for expired lottery tickets. They told them it is new Russian money.

Recently someone has organized the coproduction of perfume between Russia and France. The perfume will be provided by the French, and we will provide the bottles … left overs from kefir.

Why, where ever you look – everywhere is business!

Trolley buses are ornamented by advertising of tourist trips to Greece for 2000 dollars. As though those who go by trolley bus, can go to Greece for 2000 dollars!? If they can go to Greece, it is only by this trolley bus!

Tell me, you chairman of a joint-stock company. Do you consider, today's business benefits our simple people?

Businessman: Certainly. We recently exchanged our submarine to Zimbabwe for 150 disposable syringes. Two syringes have even gone to the collective farm where I was born. Collective farmers are very grateful to us for them. They say that all of them are using the syringes two years. Although in Zimbabwe they used them for only three months.

However, the greatest business gains have been in Russian advertising!

"If you put money in our bank, you will have only one problem – trying to get it back!!!"

And our people have endured Germans and Poles and Tatars. Our nation had been ill with communists and now here was our heaviest test - Russian business. If after that test, something remains for ourselves - such as little tree stumps, metal shavings, sawdust, broken pieces, and dust - it may finally be possible to say outloud: "You are rich, poor Russia!"


References and Resources:
April 10, 2002 Komsomol'skaya Pravda Interview where he discusses dislike of America and crossing off his Visa
SovLit.com translation of "Conversation with a Rest Home Deputy Director ..."
Russian Humor and Soviet Satire Page
Humorist.ru Mikhail Zadornov Anecdote Collection
Peoples.ru Mikhail Zadornov Biography and Interviews where he discusses further his dislike of America and his alcohol treatments.
Between Literary and Subliterary Paradigms: Skaz and Contemporary Russian Estrada Comedy by Olga Mesropova



Friday, April 07, 2006

Nothing to do with Russia, but ...

Urban Legends Reference Pages: Photo Gallery (Toothsome)

This will be quick. I read the Snopes Urban Legend website daily (as well as Straight Dope.com) because I don't like stupidity ... or maybe better to say I don't like unsubstantiated pseudo-facts, pseudo-history (eg Da Vinci Code) masquerading as real reality. In part, that is why I started this blog, to present a more full view (or at least, my view) of a culture that I admire in many ways.

So anyway - this story on Snopes caught my eye and I hesitated to post it, but what the hell. It's Friday and I haven't finished writing my posts on how to build your own banya, satirist Mikhail Zadornov, and Rostov Veliky.

One element I will add regarding blogs of US soldiers in Iraq and stories such as this one. I think far and away, the vast majority of US soldiers in Iraq see good that they are accomplishing (or trying to accomplish) for citizens in Iraq. And yes, stories of bombings, improvised explosive devices, poor strategy, mistakes by the US coalition forces, and on and on ... are what predominate the media. I believe that is correct, however. The larger picture IS these terrible happenings and the loss of life and problems which afflict Bush's attempt at nation building in Iraq.

The individual stories are important, but they do not drive US or international policy - they simply humanize our soldiers and the conflict. It is largely a question of vantage point. Our soldiers are so close to the conflict, they see the faces of mothers and children and families - and the walk away with a very different view than is seen from 10,000 miles away. Right or wrong, larger US policy will never be driven by these faces that the soldiers see. I believe that is true for almost any nation, unfortunately.

In the interest of full disclosure regarding my politics and experiences, I should say that I was raised a US Army Brat. My father retired as an E-7 (Sergeant, First Class) after 21 years of service, including 2 tours in Vietnam (he volunteered for the 2nd tour actually - he wasn't required to serve that additional time there). We lived abroad in what was West Germany for approximately 6 years ... most of my teenage years actually. I believe living in the shadow of the Warsaw Pact nations created part of my later fascination with Russian and Slavic culture. These circumstances also obviously influence my points of view regarding my own country, our military, and its relationship to the rest of the world.

I guess this wasn't as quick as I intended. I hope that readers enjoy the Snopes link and story, even if it isn't related to Russian culture. I suspect Russian readers would be rather skeptical of what is displayed and discussed in the article (with the exception of the US soldier having rather good teeth!)

The Truth and Nothing but the Truth

I'm sure blogs will be having much fun with this story.

Starting this summer, Domodedovo airport in Moscow will begin using a "Truth Verifier" to screen passengers. From the Daily Telegraph:
The technology, to be introduced at Moscow's Domodedovo airport within a few months, is supposed to identify terrorists and drugs smugglers. The Truth Verifier is not the polygraph familiar from old spy thrillers.

Passengers will pick up the handset of a machine that apparently determines whether they are telling the truth. Its "layered-voice-analysis technology" system, developed by an Israeli firm, can even establish whether answers come from memory or the imagination. Similar technology is already being used by insurance companies in Britain to screen telephone claims for fraud.

Initially, only passengers deemed suspicious by Russian security will take the test, but it will soon encompass all passengers. Those who fail face a rigorous interrogation by the Verifier, whose accuracy increases to 98 percent with more extensive questioning and by its human colleagues.

The machine asks four questions. The first is for identity and the second demands: "Have you ever lied to the authorities?" It then asks if weapons or narcotics are being carried.
Being an American, I'm typically flying into Sheremetyevo (so maybe this is a case where I should be thankful that SVO is a dinosaur of an airport) so I won't have to answer "YES" to the ominous "Have you ever lied to the authorities?" question. I'm rather doubtful that they are going to be cornering every passenger that lied to a cop about how fast they were speeding, or fudged a little on their taxes (oops, did I say that?).

Initially, only passengers deemed suspicious by the FSB will take the test. That might mean you and I - you rebel blogger! I hope they will remember the
nice things I wrote about Putin yesterday, and don't pay too much attention to the fact that I think he cheated on his thesis (oops again). Given that it eventually will encompass all passengers - I wonder if Putin would be able to pass it. Isn't paying someone else to plagiarise your thesis "lying to authorities"?

The technology was initially developed by an Israeli company, so it has that whole Zionist plot element going for it also - conspiracy nuts will love that little detail.

The test will reportedly occur after putting your shoes and bags through the "x-ray" machine ... but before you put your shoes back on (so ... no runnink avay forr you, my leettle terrorist friend). The interesting part is what happens if you pull a Pinnochio (images of Shrek 2 come to mind):
"We know that this could be uncomfortable for some passengers but it is a necessary step," said Vladimir Kornilov, the IT director for East Line, which operates the airport.

"If a person fails, he is accompanied by a guard to a cubicle where he is asked questions in a more intense atmosphere," Mr Kornilov said.

A more intense atmosphere? I hope that doesn't involve the techniques used in Chechnya - I'm extremely allergic to electrical wires in my anus.

Obviously, I am having a bit of fun with this topic. Perhaps George Bush is lamenting the fact that he didn't think of it first ...

Thursday, April 06, 2006

Putin in Syktyvkar and Russian Timber

ITAR-TASS

I've always maintained that Russian resources and material assests extend far beyond petroleum. In fact, I think it would be a huge mistake for Russia to only develop petroleum exports and would result in relatively jobless economic growth. One of Russia's more impressive assets (in my opinion) that is severely underutilized is its timber industry. I'm impressed that VVP thinks so as well, I give him a big thumbs up for these statements and observations:

During one of his meetings with cabinet members, Putin had sharply criticised the work of the timber industry complex of Russia. He ordered the ministers to promptly create conditions for woodworking in the Russian Federation. “We need conditions that would stimulate timber processing right here, on the territory of Russia, and the measures to achieve this end should be really vigorous,” the president stated. “Are we to drag out everything here for years to come? Haven’t we been discussing this problem since 1999? But nothing has been done so far, not counting idle talks,” he chastised the government. “Immense quantities of timber are being continuously shipped abroad and nothing has been done to stimulate its processing on the territory of the Russian Federation,” Putin stressed. He drew the cabinet’s attention once again to the impermissibility of lobbying the interests of exporters. “They care only for their own economic interests, while you should think of the interests of the Russian people,” Putin told the ministers.

It is worth noting that during the July 2003 meeting in Petrozavodsk on problems of the country’s timber industry complex Putin had already instructed the cabinet to tackle this problem. “Regulation of customs tariffs is one of the instruments to make effective use of our timber resources,” the president said at that time. “It is being proposed to consider the problem of lowering the export duties on thoroughly processed timber products and, vice-versa, to increase the duties on unworked timber,” he stated, explaining that the differentiation could be even more detailed. “Everybody agrees that this is correct, but, unfortunately, nothing or almost nothing has been done so far,” Putin stated.
I've been less than impressed with how Russia's timber industry is currently used and developed. Mostly raw timber is sent to other countries. I actually have an aquaintance who works for a US timber company - he's travelled to Vladivostok many times and it is one of their suppliers for certain raw timber products. Believe it or not, one of Russia's top wood-related exports is charcoal (CHARCOAL!) some of which is used in cosmetics, but much of it is just burned. Finished wood products should be a real growth area for Russia - beyond just IKEA. There are reasons for stalled development of Russian industry, such as timber - for the part of the US in it, Jackson-Vanik and WTO membership play a part (although I suspect that WTO membership will hurt Russia in other areas of the economy, most notably agriculture, where other nations are more efficient).

I have a friend who lives in Syktyvkar - apparently Putin's arrival there was quite a big deal and most of the city, all the roads and the city center were shut down. She complained that she couldn't even take the bus home from work. For comparison, when Bush comes to New Hampshire, it barely registers a blip on the public radar. It pays to be both President and super-star celebrity.
Update April 7 - More can be found on this topic on Kommersant.
The president lamented that the round timber is exported and processed abroad. “Our neighbors earn billions of dollars on the processing, pay taxes and raise pays there while we are still exporting round timber,” the president sounded indignant.

Vladimir Putin also spoke on the illegal felling claiming that “whole countries buy our timber illegally.”

Russia Profile - Why Are Young People Rehabilitating Stalin?

Russia Profile - Why Are Young People Rehabilitating Stalin?

I'm thinking a more appropriate title would be "ARE Young People Rehabilitating Stalin?"

Yes, yet another news article discussing Stalin's image in Russia, this time among the younger generation. Alexei Kiva is a professor of history at the Institute for Eastern Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences and he wrote this opinion column for Russia Profile magazine.

Based on my own experiences, I am not comfortable saying that Stalin's image is being "white-washed". I would say that mostly Russians, particularly the youth that didn't live or witness that era ... are tired of hearing how bad Stalin was. The attitude I have witnessed seems to be:

"Yep, Stalin was bad, but that was a long time ago and what can you do about it? Things are different now ... and you, as an American should shut up anyway because you have that Hitler-wannabe George Bush attacking everyone in the world and stealing oil, etc. etc."

This would be generally where the conversation would deteriorate - I hate being put into the position of explaining or defending George Bush (of all people) but even I can't abide those sorts of comparisons - these conversations quickly seem to fall into that pattern these days.

So what does Mr. Kiva have to add to the chorus of western news articles discussing the image of Stalin in modern Russia?

Because they know little about the facts about life in the Stalin years, young people perceive even “glamorous” overtones in these programs. The average young viewer sees Stalin as a Shakespearean character of both great evil and great genius.

Add to this the fact that Stalin industrialized the country in 15 years and built a strong defense industry – goals the current government could not dream of realizing.

The simple conclusion becomes: “Stalin was a ruthless man, but the country was strong, and was able to stand up for itself and ensure that others respected it. Stalin would not have allowed what is happening now.”

A deeper knowledge of history would make it possible to show that it was precisely the rigid and inflexible system Stalin put in place that led to the Soviet Union’s downfall. But few young people have this kind of knowledge. This is not because of some governmental decree but of a market-driven mass media that adapts history to the more simplistic perceptions of its target marketing audience – youth.

The term "evil genius" is one that I am quite familiar with in regards to Stalin - when he is discussed at all with my Russian friends, that is the inevitable term that is spoken. In that regard, he almost falls into a line of evil genius leaders in Russian history. Ivan Grozny, Joseph Stalin ... what's the difference? Are Russians going to wring their hands and worry about what has past?

I suspect not. And I have to ask the question - why should they? Stalin's reign was a terrible and difficult chapter in Russian history and lessons should be learned from that time, so as not to revisit those tragedies upon the Russian people. But to Russians today, those times seem like distant memories and they see little parallels to Russia under Putin.

Wednesday, April 05, 2006

русское радио - Russian Radio, MyRadioRU Toolbar


русское радио - russian radio, новости, музыка, Русское радио, радио шансон, радио маяк, РАДИО, радио джаз, Radio, רדיו - MyRadioRU Toolbar

I installed a new toy today - Russian Radio toolbar. I thought I should recommend it to those who might want to listen to Russian radio stations outside of Russia. It includes access to many popular Russian radio stations, and allows you to add other radio stations that broadcast on the internet as well.


I'm not a big gadget guy, but listening to Russian radio at work will certainly raise a few eyebrows and instantly make you appear to be more intelligent, cultured, and wordly than you really are. It includes news radio stations such as Эхо Москвы (Ekho Moskvi) as well. I realize real Russians don't listen to that station, but Russophiles living abroad might.

I actually have some more interesting articles to finish and post, this is just buying me time ... I feel I should try to write something interesting and positive after the last few news articles.

Tuesday, April 04, 2006

Where to buy Снежная Королева (The Snow Queen)

For those who might be interested, a copy of А-ба-ба-га-ла-ма-га (A-BA-BA-GA-LA-MA-GA) Publishing's edition of Hans Christian Anderson's The Snow Queen (Снежная Королева) illustrated by Vladislav Erko, can be found online here for $18.95 plus shipping and handling.

I'll also add this update to the original posting on Erko ... I just wanted to post a quick update to catch the eye of frequent readers who might want a copy of this book. It is one of the more popular hits that I get on this blog, according to Site Meter.

Monday, April 03, 2006

Russians Sense the Heat of Cold War

Russians Sense the Heat of Cold War

One last topic before calling it a night - The Washington Post has another article describing Russian attitudes towards the US, as Russia has some sense of its "sphere of influence" in former CCCP nations dwindling. Much of this perception feeds the aggressive weapons dealing in the Middle East that I cited earlier. I should note that those weapons sales are also driven by Russian budgetary demands and need to keep the Russian weapons industry viable - but it certainly doesn't hurt from the Russian perspective that they are selling weapons to nations the US considers troublesome.

"Today, it's accepted by most of the establishment that we are under pressure, that we are being surrounded, and it's leading to a defensive nationalist vision," said Sergei Rogov, director of the Institute of the United States and Canada in Moscow. "The idea of admitting Ukraine into NATO is hammering the final nail into the coffin of Russia as an independent great power," Rogov said. "We go out, you go in. Unfortunately, it's almost a consensus in Russia that the West is trying to isolate Russia."
Launching into what I would consider ... that unique form of Russian border paranoia, we have Natalia Narochnitskaya (she of Rodina party fame). Ms. Narochnitskaya isn't just some crazy person - she is a chairman of the International Affairs Committee in the State Duma.

"We are gradually being pushed to the northeast of the Eurasian continent away from the seas . . . to the place where the depths of freezing is more than two meters," said Natalia Narochnitskaya, vice chairman of the international affairs committee in the State Duma, the lower house of Russia's parliament, and a member of the nationalist Rodina Party.

She rues the loss of the three Baltic states to European Union and NATO membership and the possible loss of Russia's naval presence on the Black Sea.

"The messianism of American foreign policy is a remarkable thing," she said. When Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice speaks, Narochnitskaya said, "it seems like Khrushchev reporting to the party congress: 'The whole world is marching triumphantly toward democracy but some rogue states prefer to stay aside from that road, etc. etc."

Good lord - where has this woman been getting her news? The whole world in lock-step with the US? Outside of the UK and Eastern Europe, I can't think of a single reliable ally that the US has these days (and much of that is the fault of US policy makers, such as our Mr. Bush).

Of course, Ms. Narochnitskaya isn't looking any further than Eastern Europe ... that is the reason for her excited statements. The fact is, Russia has not been pushed to the northeast - Russia's borders remain just as they have been. She sounds rather dramatic in suggesting otherwise. The difference is - those nations that were held under the Soviet Union's sway for so long (and that may be putting it nicely) ... have long-standing resentments towards Russian dominance which are finally being heard. Russian citizens are fond of saying the Balkans were saved from the Nazi's by Russian soldiers; however, the citizens of the Balkans would have preferred it if the Russians had gone home afterwards.

I'll leave with one last quote from the article, which I found didn't really contribute very much to the story - but was interesting none the less:
"For a person of democratic and liberal persuasions, I can say that Russia has never been freer or more affluent," said Sergei Karaganov, chairman of the Russian Council on Foreign and Defense Policy. "Putin inherited a non-state, so he first wants to build a state and create the conditions for modernization and democracy. Do I worry about some domestic developments? Of course. I could be more critical than most Americans. But it's like blaming winter for following autumn."


Russian Torture in Islamic "Terrorist" Cases

Stalinism Forever

I don't agree with the choice of the word "Stalinism", but Anna Politkovskaya of Novaya Gazeta has an interesting article for the Washington Post regarding Russian tactics in coercion when dealing with Islamic students that they accuse of terrorism. Of course, this is the sort of article for which Ms. Politkovskaya has become known, she has done extensive reporting on Chechnya. As she notes, she would not be allowed to write or publish this article in the Russian Federation any longer. To be honest, I doubt you could find many Russians who would care to read it - many would tell you that the only good Chechen is a dead one.

Here is one example of how it's done. Recently two young college students from the Chechen capital of Grozny -- Musa Lomayev and Mikhail Vladovskikh -- were accused by the police and the prosecutor's office of all small, previously unsolved acts of terrorism that had occurred about six months before in one of Grozny's residential areas. As a result, Vladovskikh is now severely disabled: Both his legs were broken under torture; his kneecaps were shattered; his kidneys badly damaged by beating; his genitalia mutilated; his eyesight lost; his eardrums torn; and all of his front teeth sawed off. That is how he appeared before the court.

To get Lomayev to sign -- and he did sign confessions for five acts of terrorism -- they inserted electrical wires in his anus and applied current. He would lose consciousness, and they would pour water on him, show him the wires again, turn him around backward -- and he would sign confessions that he belonged to a gang with Vladovskikh. This despite the fact that the two defendants were first introduced to one another by their prison torturers.
Such treatment of Russia's own citizens makes Abu Ghraib and Guantanamo appear tame. I'm sure abuse of muslim Russian citizens will be just fine with fundamentalist nations such as Iran, as long as Russia keeps the missles coming.

Russian Roots for Iran's "Underwater Missile"


Defense Tech: Russian Roots for Iran's "Underwater Missile" - The Shkval

I have observed in the recent past that Russia is becoming quite aggressive with renewing its ties as the arms supplier of the Middle East. This has been particularly evident with its supplying of nuclear technology to Iran, as well as playing softball with Iranian efforts to refine their own uranium. Then, to help Iran protect any legal (or illegal) efforts to refine uranium, the also sell Iran anti-ballastic missle technology.

And now it turns out, the Iranian weapons system that recently was tested has a Russian origin as well - the VA-111 Shkval.

Iran said Sunday that it had test-fired what it described as a sonar-evading underwater missile [video of the test here]...

The new missile is among the world's fastest and can outpace an enemy warship, Gen. Ali Fadavi of the country's elite Revolutionary Guards told state television.

General Fadavi said only one other country, Russia, had a missile that moved underwater as fast as the Iranian one, which he said had a speed of about 225 miles per hour.

That's because this Iranian weapon -- called the 'Hoot,' or 'whale' -- is based on the Russian Shkval, according to former Naval Intelligence Officer Edmond Pope. 'I was informed in late 1990's by a Russian government official that they were working with Iran on this subject,' he tells Defense Tech. 'A cooperative demonstration/program had already been conducted with them at Lake Issy Kul in Kyrgyzstan.'

The Shkval goes so fast because it creates an air bubble around itself, essentially. The process, known as supercavitation, keeps friction to a minimum. 'Instead of being encased in water,' New Scientist noted, the weapon 'is simply surrounded by water vapour, which is less dense and has less resistance.'

As the AP notes, the Russian-Iranian cooperation could have major strategic consequences for the U.S. navy, possibly keeping American ships from operating freely in the Persian Gulf. 'The U.S. and Iranian navies have had brush-ups during the past.'

During the 'Tanker War,' when U.S. warships moved into the Gulf to guard oil tankers. In 1988, the frigate USS Samuel B. Roberts was badly damaged by an Iranian mine. In response, the U.S. Navy launched its largest engagement of surface warships since World War II. Two Iranian ships were destroyed, and an American helicopter was shot down, killing the two pilots."

Given that the only significant military navy in the world belongs to the US, it is easy enough to see what the intended target is for these missles. I think it certainly makes it more difficult for Russia to deny that it is moving at strong cross-purposes to US intentions. I also doubt that very many Russian citizens would suggest that arming Iran is a good idea.

Update (April 5, 2006) I see on RIA Novosti (and I am sure it is reported elsewhere) that Russia's Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov has flatly denied that Russia had any involvement with helping Iran develop their new torpedo. Of course, it very much seems like hollow and empty words - in order for a torpedo to develop that kind of speed, it has to use cavitation technology of some kind, and the Russian Shkval torpedo is absolutely unique (and carefully guarded) in that regard. Photographs of the front of the Shkval torpedo have never been permitted, in an attempt to guard exactly how the cavitation process of this torpedo is formed.

So it is either a very remarkable case of reverse engineering by a close weapons ally of Russia - or Russia helped Iran build it. In truth, real reverse engineering rarely exists - most cases of military "reverse engineering" were actually heavily supplemented by espionage.

It should be explained that a torpedo like this really only has one purpose - to sink large military vessels that are capable of defending themselves from more conventional torpedoes. Despite Iranian claims of the torpedo being "guided" it is likely that it has only the most rudimentary guidance system. Conventional torpedoes work quite well against most smaller military ships and non-military ships. So you develop something like this basically to sink a large submarine or an aircraft carrier. From Wikipedia:
The United States has the majority of aircraft carriers with a dozen in service, and its aircraft carriers are a cornerstone of American power projection capability.

Nine countries maintain aircraft carriers: United States (12), United Kingdom (3), France (1), Russia (1), Spain (1), Brazil (1), Italy (1), India (1) and Thailand (1). In addition the People's Republic of China's People's Liberation Army Navy possesses the former Soviet aircraft carrier Varyag, but most naval analysts believe that they have no intention to operate it, but instead are using Varyag to learn about carrier operations for a future Chinese aircraft carrier. Canada, China, Japan, Pakistan, Australia and Chile also operate helicopter-carrying vessels.
Any kind of extensive deployment of the Iranian torpedo in the area of the Persian Gulf would eliminate the use of large portions (if not all) of the Gulf for use by aircraft carriers. This becomes especially likely if the torpedo is outfitted with a nuclear warhead, as aircraft carriers are typically the center piece of a larger deployment force of ships or aircraft carrier group.



Lenta.ru: Из жизни: Хроника ужасного дня'2006

Lenta.ru: Из жизни: Хроника ужасного дня'2006

Quick note and continuation of a theme: Lenta has a list of April Fool's jokes by Russian news agencies this year. The 3-D glasses that Katja mentioned is repeated here, as well as Putin signing a law to make Ukrainian the 2nd official state language of Russia (apparently VVP has become quite fond of the Ukrainian tongue ...), "Fish Flu" in the Barents Sea has arrived, Canadian hi-tech company will sell high technology toilet hardware to include washstands with network adapters and mirrors with webcams. Many other priceless jokes are listed.

A crude machine translation into English can be found via Promt here.

The Eyes of the World in Russia

Большой Город - БГ встретился с иностранными коллегами и посмотрел в глаза, которыми мир смотрит на Россию.

Bolshoi Gorod has an interesting story about foreign correspondents in Russia, revealing a bit about each writer and their personal experiences and prejudices regarding Russia. The links above are in Russian; a crude English translation can be read
here via Promt webpage translation. An incomplete English version (with only part of three of the interviews) can be found here on MosNews. The MosNews story skews things a bit, by not including Raed Dzhaber of the newspaper Al-Hayat and Chzhungu B'engsanu of a conservative South Korean newspaper.

The prejudices of the writers,
Dina Nyushina and Mikhail Vinogradov (joke - I wonder if he is related to Gilbert Grape?) clearly show through in their impressions of each writer, as well. This isn't necessarily bad, as I find these prejudices and impressions to be typical of many Russians (I can't say all, however) so it makes for a good study of Russian viewpoints. It all makes for an interesting character study - not only how each country views Russia - but how Russia views the watchers and each country. Surely, Russia is overly eager to present good images of their nation to the rest of the world.

The Reporters:
  • Stephen Lee Myers, New York Times - Characterized as being not typically American as he has a "shy smile" and seems to enjoy Russia. Typical American in that he is a sloppy and disorganized pig.



  • Klaus-Helge Donat, Die Tageszeitung (The Daily News) - Charcterized as a liberal slanderer and irrational hater of Russia. Is dying to get out of Russia as soon as possible. Apparently it has something to do with the cold ...



  • Marie Jego, Le Monde (The World) - Awestruck by the changes in Moscow the last 10 to 15 years, irritated by Russian rudeness, but thinks everything is getting better in Russia, not worse.



  • Raed Dzhaber, Al-Hyat - States both Russia and Arab world do not have enough representatives of the liberal press. Smoking and drinking turkish coffee, he states the world policies of the US are a big failure and because of this Russia aspires to be "in first place". Russia the big friend, the great neighbor [the great seller of weapons to Arab states, I add cynically].

  • Chzhungu B'engsanu, South Korea - Well dressed and organized, he considers Russia the "world's most important country" and more interesting than America, China, or Japan. Oh yes, and he has a Russian wife (an important detail, I suppose) It was also noted that Myers wife is Portuguese, Jego's husband is Turkish, and Donat is twice married, both to Russian women. Dzhaber is presumably too busy smoking to find a wife.

More on Putin's Plagiarism

Johnson's Russia List has a reprint of Washington Profile's interview with Brookings Senior Fellow Clifford Gaddy, one of the men who revealed Vladimir Putin's "Kandidat ekonomicheskikh nauk" dissertation was likely plagiarised. I had talked about this last week, and upon reading this interview, felt I should add this in the name of thoroughness. It has some futher details regarding how they managed to obtain a copy of the paper and the extent and style of the plagiarism. Gaddy seems rather fair about it, but he certainly doesn't pull any punches:

Washington Profile: You can say without a doubt that we are talking about plagiarism?

Gaddy: Absolutely…The dissertation itself has something like 180 pages of text.…About 16 pages of text come straight out of King and Cleland, with no footnotes, no quotation marks, and never in the text are the names King and Cleland ever mentioned. Moreover, this material that comes directly from King and Cleland is from the very first sentence of chapter two, the chapter on strategic planning, taken straight from the book. So there’s no original introduction by Mr. Putin that then gets into this. So clearly the reader assumes these are the thoughts, the ideas of the author of the dissertation. Speaking as a professor, you can’t do this; this is not the way you do it. This is plagiarism. If you want to include this much of a work, which is probably too much under any circumstances, you must put quotation marks around it, you must acknowledge that these authors did all this thinking. These are elementary steps that you must take. But it wasn’t done. So I think this would classify as plagiarism at any university around the world that’s adhering to international standards, commonly accepted standards. It’s definitely plagiarism. The next question of course is: was it intentional plagiarism, or what was it all about? And that’s always the question with plagiarism. In this case, I don’t think it was really intentional in the sense that if you had wanted to hide where the text came from you wouldn’t even list this work in the bibliography. Had they not listed the book in the bibliography, I could never have checked it…I can say for sure that they’ve plagiarized from King and Cleland, but there are another 160 pages whose sources have not been checked at all, or at least I haven’t checked them. I don’t know if they’ve been plagiarized or not. I suspect they might have been, because they’ve been written in a very different style….

Washington Profile: You have said that Putin might not even have written the dissertation himself…

Gaddy: I’m not the only one who says that; many people’s response to this whole discussion about plagiarism is that of course he didn’t write the dissertation at all, so why should we care whether it’s plagiarism or not, because this was one of the many, many, many cases we know of government officials, and including in the Soviet period (it’s not clear whether it was more or less prevalent in the Soviet period), not really earning their degrees, but they were written for them…[The practice] is well known. The only thing that changed after the fall of communism was that rich people, wealthy business people, could now join the list of those who were getting these phony degrees because they could pay money for them…This brings up an interesting point. The St. Petersburg Mining Institute is a very reputable, prestigious institution, and the rector, Mr. Litvinenko -- who was directly involved in the dissertation, allegedly helped [Putin] choose the topic and was more or less the advisor for the dissertation -- is himself a member of the higher accreditation commission, which is the government-appointed body to be the watchdog over standards about degree-granting, dissertations and quality control for higher education in Russia. So it’s extra scandalous that he would be involved in this case of, at minimum, shoddiness and plagiarism, possibly something worse, which would be the literal purchase, either by money or political influence, of a dissertation by someone who didn’t actually do the work. That second point is not clear. I don’t have proof about that. All I have is proof about the plagiarism.

Washington Profile: Given this revelation, how do you believe it will affect relations between Putin and the international community; how will Putin be viewed both internationally and domestically?

Gaddy: Internationally, I doubt that it will have any particular impact. This is not something that typically influences any international relations. Domestically, I don’t know, it’s up to the Russians. Again, some people will say, everybody did it, what’s the big deal? That’s not what we elected him for; we didn’t elect him as a scholar. I can see that argument, there’s a certain pragmatic appeal to that. On the other hand, others will say, this is an example of real hypocrisy because here’s a man who prides himself on his legalism, his adherence to legalities, to a ‘dictatorship of the law’, and he of course wants other people to do the same. Well, he broke the law if he got a degree under false pretexts. Here’s a man who talks about making education a point on the agenda at the G-8 meeting; strange that he himself is so disrespectful of standards and education… I can imagine that people who did do the work to earn their candidate degrees, some of them might be a bit resentful and feel that this is unfair. And of course Putin is someone who always talks about fairness and spravedlivost’ [justice] being the hallmark of the Russian identity. Again, it’s a bit hypocritical to say that and give yourself a degree you didn’t earn. Finally, there is the role of Mr. Litvinenko in this. Mr. Litvinenko, remember, was a campaign manager for Mr. Putin twice, in 2000 and 2004 in St. Petersburg. Mr. Litvinenko is described as having Mr. Putin’s ear, he has influence, he gives advice. Well, that’s an important person in the country, and if in any way his influence with Mr. Putin is based on an exchange of favors – having done him the favor of getting this degree – that’s probably not a good thing either in terms of good governance or transparency...

Washington Profile: To your knowledge, have there ever been similar incidents in other countries?

Gaddy: In the United States there’s an excellent example which shows a similar sort of thing, but on different systems, and they may well have different effects. In 1997, in the campaign for the nomination for the Democratic presidential candidate, Senator Joe Biden, who of course is still very active, still a senator, and still very important in the U.S. Senate, was a strong contender to become the Democratic presidential nominee. Someone noticed that in one of his campaign speeches he seemed to be using the same words as had been used in speeches by a British Labor Party politician, Neil Kinnock, and was able to show that whole phrases and passages were the same. Then later it was seen that he had taken parts of speeches from Robert F. Kennedy. Well, people noticed this; they didn’t pay all that much attention to it because rhetoric and spoken verbal language… this is not that big of a deal. However, someone then, in investigating this, found out that when he was at law school at the University of Delaware, Joe Biden had received an F in a course because he had plagiarized in a term paper that he had written. This was a required course, so he had to take the whole course all over again in order to receive his degree. But what he had done there was exactly what Mr. Putin did, which was he had taken without quotes and without attribution some eight or ten pages from a legal brief. He listed in his bibliography the work that was copied, but he didn’t put it in quotes and didn’t specifically reference where it came from. That demonstrated case of plagiarism turned out to be enough to finally force Mr. Biden to withdraw from the candidacy. So, yes, there has been at least a case, and maybe more, in the U.S. where it had serious consequences, but again the U.S. may be very specific about this, because it may be more sensitive to these things. This of course was while he was still a candidate; he wasn’t in office. It never prevented him from winning his Senate races; he’s still a senator. His own constituents seem to think that this isn’t serious enough to keep him out of the Senate…


The Senator Biden comparison is an interesting and valid one. Of course, there were repercussions for Senator Biden ... he hasn't been a serious Presidential candidate since.

I've been a bit surprised that I haven't seen any comments in Russian newspapers about this plagiarism business. Perhaps I've just missed it, but there are 7 Russian newspapers I check online every day, as well as several news services. Given the vehemence of Putin defenders, I expected some sort of outcry about Americans making up lies again, trying to embarass Putin and Russia. Isn't that the usual song and dance? It would be a remarkably easy point to disprove, if anyone wanted to take the time to do that ... the documents in question are all public.


Again, it likely isn't critically important ... it isn't as though anyone thinks of Putin as a scholar. But as posed by someone earlier ... one has to wonder what Putin has done himself (outside of judo and learning German, I guess).

Saturday, April 01, 2006

первое Апреля Никому не Веря! At First April Don't Believe Anybody!

I know that this holiday is not exclusively Russian and people from other countries celebrate it too, but still decided to drop a few lines about today's jokes.

On the TV today - on the RTR channel early morning news program, the anchorman told with a serious face that starting with second of April, the RTR channel is going to broadcast all its programs with a 3-D effect. He suggested that people should buy special glasses at the local stores in order to fully enjoy this effect. He also added that those who don't want to buy glasses can make them by themselves. For this purpose, they need to buy two plastic juice bottles of green and yellow color, cut out their bottoms, shape them like glasses and enjoy. After that he switched to the news. My grandma, totally excited by this opportunity, rushed to my Dad, asking him to make such glasses for her! Now I can see how thousands of Russian pensioners are running to the stores tomorrow, getting juice, making glasses, and waiting for the miracle :)

Several hours later, my Dad had told me that his medical assistant asked for an urgent vacation and I had to replace her for a week. Now, the last time I gave somebody a shot was kindergarden and my patient was a teddy-bear!

I've asked my parents to tell me more about the jokes they had done during this day in other times. (Wally's note: Sergei is a great prankster ... can I say "реальный шутник"?)

Dad told me about one guy, let's name him Ivan, who had an enemy at work. He was thinking for revenge for a long time and finally came up with a perfect one. During several months he secretly was adding gasoline to his victims car. Poor guy thought that his car stopped using any gas, it was a miracle! After 1 month he decided to share this information with somebody and told about it to his friends and wife - nobody believed, of course. About 3 months later he went to visit doctor - volunteered that he thought that he was going mad. That's a good revenge!
Addendum: More Russian April Fool's Jokes, added by Wally (not to spoil Katerina's post, but to supplement it with the great richness of Russian humor ... how does that sound, dear?)

From an almost ancient April 2, 1994 Richard Boudreaux article, "In Russia, April Fools' Day Hoaxes Compete with the Actual News," Los Angeles Times, a list of famous (or infamous) Russian April Fool's Jokes:

  • The Russian news agency Itar-Tass reported that an alcoholic beverage company had invented a new kind of candy sure to be a favorite with the Russian people: chewy Vodka Bars. These bars, designed to compete with Mars and Snickers bars, would come in three flavors—lemon, coconut, and salted cucumber. The same company was also said to be perfecting another new product: instant vodka in tea bags.
  • "Vesti," a popular evening television news program, announced that Russia's collective farms were "97% ready" for spring planting. As it announced this it showed in the background a picture of tractors rusting in a snow-covered field.
  • The newspaper Moskovsky Komsomolets reported that Mikhail Gorbachev had volunteered to test a revolutionary new anti-baldness spray. As a result he had sprouted a new head of hair, covering his famous birthmark. Accompanying the article was a picture of Gorbachev on a trip to South Korea sporting his new, curly-locked look.
  • The Moscow Tribune went out onto the streets of Moscow to ask people what they thought about the ethnic cleansing in Brutistan. They received a variety of concerned replies. The joke was that Brutistan does not exist.
  • Another news agency reported that workers at a meatpacking plant were being paid in sausages, because the plant had run out of cash. Workers' pensions were being paid with bones.
  • Elsewhere it was announced that the pro-Communist Agrarian party had been breeding insects that were trained to attack the new private farms while leaving the collective farms alone.
  • A newspaper reported that the chemical arms industry was making progress in its conversion to civilian business. Its first product would be spray-on tights.
  • Another paper said that foreign capitalists were bringing double-decker buses to Moscow. If the experiment went well, they would introduce triple-decker buses next.
  • The radio station Echo Moscow revealed that the ultranationalist, fascist politician Vladimir Zhirinovsky had switched allegiances and become a reformer.
  • The newspaper Rossiskaya Gazeta revealed that Zhirinovsky had actually been kidnapped by Freemasons who had cut his tongue off.
  • The paper Komsomolskaya Pravda interviewed Gosha, the parrot of former Vice President Alexander V. Rutskoi. Rutskoi had been arrested for his involvement in the previous year's armed rebellion but had since been released from prison. The parrot reportedly squawked, "Let them make soup out of me, but I won't let my master run for president. It is better to sit in a cage than in the Kremlin."
  • Komsomolskaya Pravda also reported that the famous red communist star that adorns the roof of the Kremlin was being removed, to be replaced by the imperial double-headed eagle that had been there until Stalin ordered its removal in 1935. Because the paper published this story a day early, many readers missed the joke and flooded the Kremlin with calls.
Finally, I'll add the following little account told to me by Katja. I had said that Sergei was a great joker ... here is another of his stories. Long-time readers might remember the Andreyeva family neighbor, Alexander ... he of the maximum chai. Seems that as an April Fool's joke last year, Sergei got some of these empty plastic wine bags, the kind that line the cardboard boxes of wine that you buy in a store. He blew two up and capped them tightly, and placed them under the rear tires of good neighbor Alexander's car. When Alexander backed up the next morning ... BANG! they popped, rather loudly ... leaving Alexander in a short panic to see what was wrong with his car!

For those seeking wisdom as to the origins of April's Fool, I can only refer you to the Straight Dope.


American Engineer in Stalin's Russia

As an American Engineer (with an education in Civil Engineering) I was very interested in reading An American Engineer in Stalin's Russia, The Memoirs of Zara Witkin, 1932–1934. So this is part of what I did online last night, instead of sleeping. The memoir tells the story of a young Zara Witkin, a socialist, an idealist, and a civil engineer. Witkin was a California-born Jew of Russian heritage (his surname is an Americanized form of the Russian Utkin). Something of a engineering genius, Witkin began attended the University of California in 1917, at the ripe old age of sixteen. He graduated with honors from the College of Civil Engineering at the age of twenty and was elected valedictorian of his class.

Due at least in part to his Russian heritage, Witkin had early career interest in the Soviet Union, having addressed a civil engineering society meeting regarding The Fifteen Year Plan which contained the first, second, and third 5-Year Plan. Through these meetings, he is introduced to the manager of Amtorg Trading Corporation, commercial agents
in the United States of the principal trusts, syndicates, trading agencies and other economic organizations of the U.S.S.R. Amtorg represents U.S.S.R. heavy industry; during 1927-28 Amtorg made purchases in the United States of industrial equipment, agricultural machinery, non-ferrous metals, etc., for shipment to the Soviet Union, to the value of $33,100,000 and sold Soviet products worth over $12,000,000. Young Witkin soon learns that he may be on the shopping list also.
Some days later, this official requested me to act as technical consultant to Amtorg. In this capacity I assisted in the selection of qualified construction engineers for the Moscow subway and in the repackaging and distribution of Soviet candy and caviar, which were imported in bulk. I also arranged for the use of some Soviet granite in our building industry. Finally, I prepared a comprehensive program for the construction of cold-storage warehouses throughout the U.S.S.R. The Amtorg manager frequently discussed with me the enormous potentialities of applying in the U.S.S.R. methods of pre-fabricated housing which our organization had developed.
So many of my favorite (Metro, konfeti, ikra) and least favorite (polished granite stairs and pre-fabricated Soviet apartment buildings) Russian things in one brief paragraph - the mind boggles!

As unlikely as it may sound, in 1929 Zara Witkin fell in love with the Russian actress Emma Tsesarskaya when he saw her on screen in Village of Sin. His idealized desire for Tsesarskaya, combined with disillusionment with the capitalist failure in the USA during the Great Depression, leads to Witkin's departure for the USSR.
The vast panorama of Soviet engineering possibilities unfolded before my eyes. I saw its far-reaching significance. For the first time in history a great nation was rationally remolding itself. The Soviet Union planned to reconstruct human society. A nobler human life was to be developed on a vast new technological foundation.

Engineers were vitally needed. Their creative powers, perverted by the crass exploitation of capitalism, were to be used for the benefit of society. This great call to the socially minded technical brotherhood of the world rang in my soul, a challenge to the best energies of mind and imagination. Never before had such illimitable horizons opened to engineers. Spiritual and social elements of such work would, I felt, surpass any material compensation. My decision was made to participate in it. If it fulfilled my anticipations, I proposed to bring over a staff of the ablest of my technical colleagues, who could make untold contributions to the new life.
Witkin is prone to this sort of self-aggrandizing. No matter what potential he saw in Soviet Russia, he saw even greater potential for himself, and writes in bold terms of this new socialist spirit and his role within it. With increasing boldness, he confronts the bureaucratic process of the Soviet Union, which he finds restraining his path to accomplishments for the Soviet people. His constant reminders to the reader of his altruistic efforts in Soviet Russia sound like hollow extensions of his growing ego. With time however, even a mighty mountain of egotistical energy such as Witkin is worn down to a pebble by the flow of Soviet lethargy and corruption. Faced with repeated plagiarism of his work by Soviet central planners, Witkin finds his role in the implementation of the 5-year plan pushed to the sidelines.
The walls of bureaucracy shutting me off from work grew thicker and more impenetrable with every day. Procrastination, outright lying, indifference and tremulous fear of responsibility blocked industrial progress. The occasional courageous and mentally organized engineer was helpless against these barriers ...

... I wrote several articles for Tekhnika , the technical newspaper issued under the general direction of Bukharin. Borodin arranged an appointment for me with Bukharin and also communicated with the editor of Tekhnika, Bogashevsky.

One afternoon, after work, I brought the articles to the office of the newspaper. Two of Bogashevsky's assistants received me; one a young man, the other a woman in her thirties. The latter was exceptionally courteous and helpful. She avidly accepted the articles. In a few days, she said, as soon as they would complete the translations (some were already in Russian), she would send for me to proof-read them and they would be printed. I went away well satisfied.

Two weeks passed without any call from Tekhnika. I telephoned to the paper. They told me that the lady who had taken the articles was ill at home. I called again in a few days and received the same information. I made a practice of calling every day. In this way a month went by. No one knew what had happened to my articles.

Meanwhile I had prepared ten more. Finally, exasperated, I returned to the R.K.I. I told Clark about these articles and their "disappearance." He immediately telephoned to Tekhnika. A new editor, Tall, had been installed in place of Bogashevsky, who had been ousted. Clark made an appointment with Tall for me.

Tall received me graciously. Our conversation was carried on in French and Russian. He was extremely sorry, he said, that such confusion and delay had occurred in connection with my writings. He took the second group of articles I had written and declared that he would see personally that publication would begin immediately after the May Day holiday.

The holiday came and went. By May the tenth nothing had yet appeared. I telephoned again to inquire. Editor Tall was very apologetic. The articles, he said, would be published at once. I waited several more days. Again I telephoned, and again. Each time he made a different excuse for the delay. Almost another month went by.

One day Tall told me that the articles would not be printed in his paper, but in a construction magazine with whose staff his colleagues would collaborate. I waited another week.

I then telephoned to Tall. Nothing had yet been done. I asked him to return all of my articles. He tried to mollify me and dissuade me from my request. However, I felt there was no hope in his quarter and insisted on getting back my articles. At length, he reluctantly agreed to send them. But they were not sent to me!

Five days later, I went to the office of Tekhnika. I did not wait for the secretary to announce me, but walked into the editorial room. Tall's assistants were caught off guard. I had come at a peculiar moment. Some of the articles were being read for the first time! One assistant told me that Professor Nekrasov, a well-known consultant in construction, had strongly recommended some of my methods described in an article as being applicable throughout Soviet construction.

"Give me all the articles!" I demanded.

The staff scurried around. Tall came in and fluttered about trying to smooth over the situation. He made all sorts of new promises. My secretary quietly urged me to let the articles stay for a few more days. I paid no attention whatsoever to these overtures and did not answer Tall. I waited for the articles, refusing to enter any discussion. Finally, they were assembled and brought to me. I took them and with my secretary left the newspaper office. No one knew that I had arranged for their publication by the Government Technical Book Trust.
The memoir is also notable for other figures that Witkin meets during his time in the USSR. Most infamously, he describes an evening which the Moscow news correspondents were discussing how to get out the story of the Stalin-made Russian famine. To get around Soviet censors, the UP's Eugene Lyons was telephoning the news of the famine to his New York office, but was ordered to stop because the news reports were antagonizing the Kremlin. Witkin was witness when Ralph Barnes, the New York Herald Tribune reporter, turned to the notorious Walter Duranty and asked him what he was going to write. Duranty replied:

Nothing. What are a few million dead Russians in a situation like this? Quite unimportant. This is just an incident in the sweeping historical changes here. I think the entire matter is exaggerated.

This was at a time when Ukrainians were dying of starvation at the rate of 25,000 a day. Quite a telling remark (among many others) from the controversial Pulitzer-prize winning Duranty.

Witkin eventually meets the object of his more carnal desires, his "Dark Goddess" Emma Tsesarskaya (Эмма Цесарская) as well. He embarks on a romance with her, despite their lack of a common tongue - he begins to teach her English and she teaches him Russian. In the end, the love affair is doomed to failure. In typical fashion, Witkin blames Soviet authorities for interfering with his love affair with Tsesarskaya. In other works, Tsesarskaya herself says she simply fell in love with another, more interesting man.

Witkin's memoir remains a timely and interesting read even today, despite the author's flaws. It is perhaps most interesting for the continued themes in post-Soviet Russia - themes which began at least as early as 1930's Stalinist Russia.


Further Resources:

Stalin's Russia
Woman of Character (Девушка с характером) 1939 with Emma Tsesarskaya
Emma Tsesarskaya Filmography




Zara Witkin Partial Bibliography
  • Special Structural Features of San Francisco Theater. Engineering News-Record , 1 February 1923.
  • Efficient Lumber Handling on Los Angeles Building Construction. Engineering News-Record , 24 July 1924.
  • Economic Study of Plant Layout for Building Construction. Engineering News-Record , 17 June 1926.
  • Worth-While Construction Wrinkles on a Building Job. Engineering News-Record , 21 July 1927.
  • Deep Foundation Pit in Earth Dug on a Novel Plan. Engineering News-Record , 27 October 1927.
  • Bad Building Habits (letter to the editor). Engineering News-Record , 13 September 1928.
  • Falsework for Construction of 104-Ft. Dome. Engineering News-Record , 15 August 1929.
  • Efficient Concrete Plants on Two Building Jobs. Engineering News-Record , 16 January 1930.
  • Tests of Concrete (letter to the editor). Engineering News-Record , 1 May 1930.
  • Printsipy i metody upravleniia stroitel'nymi rabotami (The Principles and Methods of Construction Management). Amerikanskaia tekhnika i promyshlennost' 8 (1932).
  • Only after Long and Persistent Efforts Were This Engineer's Proposals Accepted. Moscow Daily News , 15 September 1932.
  • U.S. Consulting Engineer Describes Bureaucracy. Moscow Daily News , 15 November 1932.
  • Engineer Relates Detailed Story of Lack of Official Responsibility. Moscow Daily News , 16 November 1932.
  • Engineering Analysis of Five-Year Plans for Russian Rehabilitation. Engineering News-Record , 9, 16, 30 August 1934.
  • The Home of the Future: What Will it Look Like? How Will It Be Built? How Much Will It Cost? California Monthly , October 1934.
  • Famous Engineers (letter to the editor). Engineering News-Record , 11 April 1940.
  • Thin-Shell Dome (letter to the editor). Engineering News-Record , 4 July 1940.

April Fool? Putin stood up for “Party of Putin’s Policy”

Putin stood up for “Party of Putin’s policy”

So imagine that Canada creates a small political party and calls it "Bloc of Bush's Bullshit" (BBB for short). The Bloc of Bush's Bullshit wins too small a percentage of the vote to qualify for 60% government funding (or some such thing in Canada) and so Bush comes out and demands a recount in Canada ... as though he were actually the one running.

I think this has to be an April Fool's joke ...